Sampling and detection of skin Propionibacterium acnes: Current status

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of acne and the role of Propionibacterium acnes. With this review, the authors aim to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of P. acnes in the development of acne lesions and analysing the potential implications for future treatments. A total of 188 articles published between January 1980 and March 2013 were searched using key words such as acne, P. acnes, microbiology, Corynebacterium acnes, acne vulgaris, pathogenesis, antibiotic, vaccination and a combination of those key words. From those articles, 77 were analysed in depth. Recent data confirm that P. acnes has a strong proinflammatory activity and targets molecules involved in the innate cutaneous immunity, keratinocytes and sebaceous glands of the pilosebaceous follicle and leads to the development of comedones. Furthermore, the profile of its different strains may differ between healthy subjects and acne patients. The better understanding of the role of P. acnes may allow for new perspectives in the treatment of acne. Novel therapies should target molecules implicated in the activation of innate immunity, including toll-like receptors, protease-activated receptors and topical antimicrobial peptides; the latter may be an alternative to topical antibiotics and thus a solution for limiting bacterial resistance induced by topical macrolides. Vaccines may also be promising. However, the most appropriate candidate remains to be selected.

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“…Different methodologies including culture studies to probe labelling as well as molecular analysis allowed to isolate and identify P. acnes …”

Section: Isolation and Identification Of P Acnesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne

Beylot¹,

Auffret²,

Poli³

et al. 2013

Acad Dermatol Venereol

221

159

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“…Fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent microscopy have enabled us to picture macrocolonies and biofilms formed on the stratum corneum, sebaceous gland, and hair follicle walls of acne lesions. 36,37,38 In fact, several groups have posited that the persistent nature of acne vulgaris is due to P. acnes’s colonization of the sebaceous unit in a biofilm, thereby eluding eradication by antibiotics (Fig. 2c).…”

Section: Diseases Microbes and Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial biofilms and the human skin microbiome

Brandwein

Steinberg

Meshner

2016

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

133

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The human skin microbiome plays an important role in both health and disease. Microbial biofilms are a well-characterized mode of surface-associated growth, which present community-like behaviors. Additionally, biofilms are a critical element in certain skin diseases. We review how the perception of the resident skin microbiota has evolved from the early linkages of certain microbes to disease states, to a more comprehensive and intricate understanding brought on by biofilm and microbiome revelations. Rapidly expanding arsenals of experimental methods are opening new horizons in the study of human–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions. Microbial community profiling has largely remained a separate discipline from that of biofilm research, yet the introduction of metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, and the ability to distinguish between dormant and active members of a community have all paved the road toward a convergent cognizance of the encounter between these two microbial disciplines.

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“…The study of antibiotic resistance of Propionobacterium acnes is an arduous task fraught with various methodological issues, not the least being the technical difficulty in isolating the organism . Among the numerous sampling methods, the ideal one is isolation of the organism from follicular content . The majority of sampling techniques, such as swab and scrape, target the superficial epithelial bacterial populations .…”

Section: Drugs That Can Be Used For Acne Without Any Potential For Dementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the numerous sampling methods, the ideal one is isolation of the organism from follicular content . The majority of sampling techniques, such as swab and scrape, target the superficial epithelial bacterial populations . This is not representative of the true levels of P. acnes , which is what has been used in the recent published studies …”

Section: Drugs That Can Be Used For Acne Without Any Potential For Dementioning

confidence: 99%