Sampling Leafhoppers on Soybean

Helm, C. G.; Kogan, Marcos; Hill, Bob G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-9998-1_12

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The sampling method for this study used a backpack-mounted DVac suction device (D-Vac Vacuum Insect Net, DVac, Ventura, CA) to capture arthropods on and near soybean plants (Dietrick 1961). Helm et al (1980) believed this to be the best relative method for sampling populations of adult leafhoppers on soybean, and some (Ogunlana and Pedigo 1974, Marston et al 1976, Simonet et al 1979, Fleischer et al 1982 consider it to approach an absolute method of sampling. The collection cone of the D-Vac was lowered over the plants for Ϸ1 s at each of 10 locations within a plot, Ͼ1.5 m from the plot border.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Similar suppression of abundance of this insect has been found when alfalfa has been grown in the presence of grassy weeds (Lamp et al 1984a, Oloumi-Sadeghi et al 1987, forage grasses (Coggins 1991), or oat (Lamp 1991), compared with alfalfa monocultures. Although the potato leafhopper rarely causes economic damage to commercial varieties of soybean, it is among the most abundant herbivores inhabiting the crop in the Midwest (Helm et al 1980). Soybean in monoculture is a good host for this leafhopper during spring to midsummer, facilitating reproduction of enormous numbers of the insects because of the extensive areas planted to the crop.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Density of Potato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Response to Soybean-Wheat Cropping Systems

Hammond¹

2001

Environ Entomol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Density of Potato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Response to Soybean-Wheat Cropping Systems

Hammond¹

2001

Environ Entomol

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“…Economic-injury levels have not been established for potato leafhoppers in soybeans (Helm et al 1980). Economic-injury levels have not been established for potato leafhoppers in soybeans (Helm et al 1980).…”

Section: Arthropods In Soybeansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential significance of our results to crop yield is difficult to assess. Economic-injury levels have not been established for potato leafhoppers in soybeans (Helm et al 1980). Furthermore, treatment effects of corridors on potato leafhopper populations were demonstrated only for weeks 5 and 7 and did not persist throughout the season.…”

Section: Arthropods In Soybeansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Kemp¹,

Barrett²

1989

Ecology

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We established a pattern of uncultivated areas (corridors and a simulated roadside) within a soybean agroecosystem to determine how such areas would affect arthropod densities, levels of crop damage, and crop yield. Twelve 0.4-ha soybean plots were located along a simulated grassy roadside that we hypothesized would serve as a major reservoir for arthropods. Six of these plots were subdivided into thirds by 2 m wide uncultivated corridors either planted in grasses or allowed to enter secondary succession. Undivided crop plots were treated with insecticide (Sevin) or left untreated as controls. Effects of this spatial patterning were evaluated in 1980, 1 yr after establishment.Yield (soybeans per metre of soybean row) differed significantly among all treatments, with the yield in insecticide treatments > treatments divided by grassy corridors > undivided controls > treatments divided by successional corridors. Crop leaf damage reached economically injurious levels in all but insecticide-sprayed treatments. Damaged leaves displayed the lacework pattern characteristic of feeding by the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis), whose population densities increased dramatically late in the growing season.Plots divided by successional corridors, which had the lowest yields and the highest levels of defoliation, also had significantly higher abundances of Epilachna varivestis, lepidopteran larvae, leafhoppers, and murids than controls during at least one sampling period. Levels of leaf damage and arthropod abundances generally were similar between control plots and plots divided by grassy corridors. Plots divided by grassy corridors, however, did contain fewer adult Empoasca fabae early in the growing season indicating possible impact of grassy areas on the distribution of adults colonizing the crop. E. fabae avoided grassy corridors and was significantly less abundant in the soybeans adjacent to grassy corridors, suggesting that grassy areas confer an "associational resistance" to invasion by migrating adults.Nomuraea rileyi, a fungal pathogen, infested significantly higher proportions of the green cloverworm (Plathypena scabra) in plots divided by corridors, especially in plots divided by grassy corridors. This fungus is the primary natural biotic control agent of this major lepidopteran larva pest in the Midwest. Presence of uncultivated areas may increase the rate of development ofepizootics of N. rileyi. Green cloverworm populations, however, were not significantly lower in divided plots despite these higher levels of fungal infection.Predators were more abundant in uncultivated areas, especially successional corridors, than in the soybean crop. However, uncultivated areas did not "funnel" predators into the crop as hypothesized. In fact, results suggest that some predators (e.g., Orius insidiosus) were attracted to successional corridors from the adjacent soybean crop.Findings suggest that management of uncultivated corridors within the landscape represents a potentially important means of regulating insect pest...

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“…Sweep net sampling is an effective tool for monitoring defoliators of soybean such as the bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata Forster (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) . For other foliage feeders in soybean, such as leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), monitoring using sweep nets has shown mixed results, depending on the species (Helm et al 1980). Yellow sticky traps are used to monitor insect pests in row crops, including soybean and corn, Zea mays L. For example, Hein and Tollefson (1985) recommended yellow sticky traps to monitor adult western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Iowa cornfields.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

Gill

O’Neal

2015

Environmental Entomology

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Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, flowers can be a source of nectar and pollen for honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), wild social and solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), and flower-visiting flies (Diptera). Our objectives were to describe the pollinator community in soybean fields, determine which sampling method is most appropriate for characterizing their abundance and diversity, and gain insight into which pollinator taxa may contact soybean pollen. We compared modified pan traps (i.e., bee bowls), yellow sticky traps, and sweep nets for trapping pollinators in Iowa soybean fields when soybeans were blooming (i.e., reproductive stages R1-R6) during 2011 and 2012. When all trap type captures were combined, we collected 5,368 individuals and at least 50 species. Per trap type, the most pollinators were captured in bee bowls (3,644 individuals, 44 species), yellow sticky traps (1,652 individuals, 32 species), and sweep nets (66 individuals, 10 species). The most abundant species collected include Agapostemon virescens F. and Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Melissodes bimaculata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Toxomerus marginatus Say (Diptera: Syrphidae). To determine if these pollinators were foraging on soybean flowers, we looked for soybean pollen on the most abundant bee species collected that had visible pollen loads. We found soybean pollen alone or intermixed with pollen grains from other plant species on 29 and 38% of the bees examined in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Our data suggest a diverse community of pollinators-composed of mostly native, solitary bees-visit soybean fields and forage on their flowers within Iowa. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. ABSTRACT Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, flowers can be a source of nectar and pollen for honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), wild social and solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), and flower-visiting flies (Diptera). Our objectives were to describe the pollinator community in soybean fields, determine which sampling method is most appropriate for characterizing their abundance and diversity, and gain insight into which pollinator taxa may contact soybean pollen. We compared modified pan traps (i.e., bee bowls), yellow sticky traps, and sweep nets for trapping pollinators in Iowa soybean fields when soybeans were blooming (i.e., reproductive stages R1-R6) during 2011 and 2012. When all trap type captures were combined, we collected 5,368 individuals and at least 50 species. Per trap type, the most pollinators were captured in bee bowls (3,644 individuals, 44 species), yellow sticky traps (1,652 individuals, 32 species), and sweep nets (66 individuals, 10 species). The most abundant species collected include Agapostemon virescens F. and Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Melissodes bimaculata Lepeletier (Hymenopt...

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Sampling Leafhoppers on Soybean

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Density of Potato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Response to Soybean-Wheat Cropping Systems

Density of Potato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Response to Soybean-Wheat Cropping Systems

Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

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