Sampling protocol, estimation, and analysis procedures for the down woody materials indicator of the FIA program

Woodall, Christopher W.; Monleón, Vicente J.

doi:10.2737/nrs-gtr-22

Cited by 156 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the same radius, whenever present, the following microhabitats were recorded: cavity, missing bark (surface 10 × 10 cm), bark pocket, broken stem, broken fork, crack (width 1–5 cm), sap drop, ivy, >20% of dead crown and sporophores of saproxylic fungi – and their density was estimated. In addition, we measured the amount of downed woody debris larger than 2.5 cm in diameter on three 50 m‐long transects, following the Line Intersect Sampling method (Woodall & Williams, ). All types (snags and logs) of deadwood were classified into one of two decay stages based on a ‘knife test’ and remaining bark cover: (i) ‘Fresh’: bark is present, or at least partially present, and usually firmly attached; the knife tip penetrates <1/3 of the diameter, the wood is hard; (ii) ‘Decayed’: moderately to strongly decayed wood, form is still apparent but soft or partly destroyed wood appears, the knife tip penetrates >1/3 the diameter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of forest age on saproxylic beetle biodiversity: implications of shortened and extended rotation lengths in a French oak high forest

Lassauce

Larrieu

Paillet³

et al. 2012

Insect Conserv Diversity

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In French oak high forests, current silvicultural trends include two seemingly opposed practices: shortening the forestry cycle, which contributes to forestry intensification, and lengthening rotations in temporary set‐aside stands, called ‘ageing islands’, to favour biodiversity and high‐quality large‐diameter tree production. To derive the potential effects of these two trends, we studied habitat structure and saproxylic beetles biodiversity along an age gradient in a French oak high forest. Four age classes were surveyed: premature (i) 160/180 years and (ii) 180/200 years, (iii) mature 200/220 years, and (iv) overmature 300‐year‐old stands. Structural features were noted: deadwood volumes, density of large trees with or without microhabitats, number of cavities, presence of dead large canopy branches, sap droppings and sporophores of saproxylic fungi. Results showed that beetle species richness was positively related to stand age. Globally, overmature stands differed significantly from younger premature and mature forests in species composition and structure. Younger stands tended to show both fewer structural features and lower levels of saproxylic biodiversity. As the forest aged, the overall structural complexity and saproxylic biodiversity increased. However, no individual stand characteristic influenced preferentially biodiversity, and stand age was the best explaining factor. In conclusion, we discuss how (i) shorter rotations in the high forest production cycle and (ii) temporary set‐aside forest islands affect forest structure and deadwood‐associated assemblages. Shortening rotation length in oak high forests may negatively impact saproxylic biodiversity, whereas temporary set‐asides may play a key role for biodiversity conservation in a managed forest matrix.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of forest age on saproxylic beetle biodiversity: implications of shortened and extended rotation lengths in a French oak high forest

Lassauce

Larrieu

Paillet³

et al. 2012

Insect Conserv Diversity

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“…In times of extreme fire weather (e.g., drought), DWM may constitute a fire hazard that should be monitored . Carbon pools, fuels, forest structure, and wildlife habitat can be measured to some degree with estimates of DWM (Woodall 2007, Woodall andMonleon 2008).…”

Section: Down Woody Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Michigan Forests 2014

Pugh¹,

Heym²,

Butler³

et al. 2017

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The eighth inventory of Michigan's forests, completed in 2014, describes more than 20.3 million acres of forest land. The data in this report are based on visits to 4,289 forested plots from 2009 to 2014. Timberland accounts for 95 percent of this forest land, and 62 percent is privately owned. The sugar maple/beech/yellow birch forest type accounts for 19 percent of the State's forest land, followed by aspen (12 percent) and white oak/red oak/hickory (7 percent). Balsam fir, red maple, and sugar maple are the three most common species by number of trees. Growing-stock volume on timberland has continued to increase and now totals about 30.2 billion cubic feet (ft 3 ).The associated net growth, harvest removals, and mortality totaled 674, 313, and 303 million ft 3 / year, respectively. In addition to information on forest attributes, this report includes data on forest health, land use change, family forest owners, timber-product outputs, and future forests. Detailed information on forest inventory methods, data quality estimates, and important resource statistics can be found online at https://doi

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“…Coarse and fine woody materials (CWM and FWM, respectively) were sampled on 7.32‐m horizontal distance transects radiating from each FIA subplot center at 30, 150, and 270 degrees (Woodall & Williams 2005). FWM (1‐, 10‐, and 100‐h fuels) were sampled on the 150‐degree transect on each subplot (Burgan 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Down woody material carbon and biomass estimation .— Line intersect estimation model‐based estimators were used to determine volume and biomass of DWM for each inventory plot (Van Wagner 1964, Brown 1974, De Vries 1986). CWM and FWM carbon (C) content was estimated using a combination of line‐intersect biomass per unit area estimators and C content conversion factors (Woodall & Williams 2005). Carbon content was then determined by multiplying mass estimates by a conversion factor (Birdsey 1992, Waddell 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon content was then determined by multiplying mass estimates by a conversion factor (Birdsey 1992, Waddell 2002). Carbon in CWM ( C CWM ) was calculated using where n is the number of pieces, c is the proportion of carbon in the mass of the piece, f is the conversion factor for unit area values (10,000), G is the specific gravity of the piece (g/m 3 ), reduced by the necessary decay reduction factor, L is the total horizontal length (corrected for slope) of the transect (m), V m is the volume of an individual piece (m 3 ), and l i is the length of the individual piece i in meters (Woodall & Williams 2005). Birdsey (1992) provides carbon proportion factors ( c ) for hardwood (0.491) species types.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Contribution of Dead Wood to Biomass and Carbon Stocks in the Caribbean: St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands

2007

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Dead wood is a substantial carbon stock in terrestrial forest ecosystems and hence a critical component of global carbon cycles. Given the limited amounts of dead wood biomass and carbon stock information for Caribbean forests, our objectives were to: (1) describe the relative contribution of down woody materials (DWM) to carbon stocks on the island of St. John; (2) compare these contributions among differing stand characteristics in subtropical moist and dry forests; and (3) compare down woody material carbon stocks on St. John to those observed in other tropical and temperate forests. Our results indicate that dead wood and litter comprise an average of 20 percent of total carbon stocks on St. John in both moist and dry forest life zones. Island‐wide, dead wood biomass on the ground ranged from 4.55 to 28.11 Mg/ha. Coarse woody material biomass and carbon content were higher in moist forests than in dry forests. No other down woody material components differed between life zones or among vegetation categories (P > 0.05). Live tree density was positively correlated with fine woody material and litter in the moist forest life zone (R= 0.57 and 0.84, respectively) and snag basal area was positively correlated with total down woody material amounts (R= 0.50) in dry forest. Our study indicates that DWM are important contributors to the total biomass and, therefore, carbon budgets in subtropical systems, and that contributions of DWM on St. John appear to be comparable to values given for similar dry forest systems.

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Sampling protocol, estimation, and analysis procedures for the down woody materials indicator of the FIA program

Abstract: Manuscript

Cited by 156 publications

References 29 publications

The effects of forest age on saproxylic beetle biodiversity: implications of shortened and extended rotation lengths in a French oak high forest

The effects of forest age on saproxylic beetle biodiversity: implications of shortened and extended rotation lengths in a French oak high forest

Michigan Forests 2014

Contribution of Dead Wood to Biomass and Carbon Stocks in the Caribbean: St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands

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