Sand Cementation Test using Plant-Derived Urease and Calcium Phosphate Compound

Dilrukshi, R. A. N.; Watanabe, Jun; Kawasaki, Satoru

doi:10.2320/matertrans.m-m2015818

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Because of its environmental friendliness and the availability of resources, it has been widely used in soil reinforcement [4,7,8], seepage control [9], anti-liquefaction [10], slope protection [11,12], coastal erosion inhibition [13], fugitive dust prevention [14,15], underground cultural relic repair, metal stability in contaminated soil [16], etc. However, due to the complex cultivation of high-producing urease microorganisms in MICP and the uncontrollability of enzyme activity, scholars are trying to induce calcium carbonate precipitation directly with enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP), especially urease [17,18] that comes from plant seeds [19,20] such as soybeans [21] and watermelon [22] seeds by means of the urea decomposition method [23,24]. Compared to MICP, urease is the size of a nanometer especially urease [17,18] that comes from plant seeds [19,20] such as soybeans [21] and watermelon [22] seeds by means of the urea decomposition method [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of EICP Combined with Organic Materials for Silt Improvement in the Yellow River Flood Area

et al. 2020

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Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging biogeotechnical technique that uses free urease to improve soil. Despite its advantages of eliminating complex microbial cultures and reducing reaction byproducts, its efficiency is considered lower than that of microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) due to the lack of nucleation sites that induce calcium carbonate deposition. To enhance the strengthening efficiency of EICP for fine-grained soils, an improved EICP method that involves adding an appropriate mass concentration of organic materials (skim milk powder, glutinous rice powder, and brown sugar) into urease solution was proposed and applied to reinforce silt in the Yellow River flood area of China. The preferred concentration and ratio of cementation solution and the optimum concentration of each of the organic materials were determined. Then, the reinforcement effect of the improved EICP at the optimum concentration was compared with the control group, and the reinforcement mechanism for this method was discussed. The results show that after the organic material inclusions, soil strength can be enhanced by 33% compared with EICP-treated soil and is nearly four times higher than that of untreated soil. The superiority of this method over traditional EICP and MICP mainly stems from its ability to provide templates and nucleation sites for calcium carbonate deposition and to improve the size, morphology, and structure of calcium carbonate crystals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of EICP Combined with Organic Materials for Silt Improvement in the Yellow River Flood Area

et al. 2020

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“…When the fiber length was 3, 6, or 12 mm, CCC increased with the increase of fiber content; when the fiber content was 0.2 or 0.4%, CCC rose with the increase of fiber length. 1 εf is the strain corresponding to the peak stress, 2 E50 is the secant modulus at 50% of the UCS, 3 αc and 4 αs are the increasing proportion of CCC and UCS after adding fiber compared with that of traditional EICP-treated samples. 5 βcc and 6 βsc represent the increased ratios of CCC and UCS higher than that at the previous fiber content, 7 βcl and 8 βsl represent the increased percentages of CCC and UCS higher than that of the former fiber length, respectively.…”

Section: And Its Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) [ 1 ] and enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) are novel environmentally friendly biogrouting technologies in which EICP technology uses urease directly to induce CaCO 3 precipitation, thus eliminating the tedious microbial culture [ 2 , 3 ]. Both technologies are widely used in soil reinforcement [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Incorporating Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of EICP-Treated Sand

et al. 2021

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Enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology can improve the strength of treated soil. But it also leads to remarkable brittleness of the soil. This study used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber combined with EICP to solidify sand. Through the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, the effect of PVA fiber incorporation on the mechanical properties of EICP-solidified sand was investigated; the distribution of CaCO3 in the sample and the microstructure of fiber-reinforced EICP-treated sand were explored through the calcium carbonate content (CCC) test and microscopic experiment. Compared with the sand treated by EICP, the strength and stiffness of the sand reinforced by the fiber combined with EICP were greatly improved, and the ductility was also improved to a certain extent. However, the increase of CCC was extremely weak, and the inhomogeneity of CaCO3 distribution was enlarged; the influence of fiber length on the UCS and CCC of the treated sand was greater than that of the fiber content. The improvement of EICP-solidified sand by PVA fiber was mainly due to the formation of a “fiber–CaCO3–sand” spatial structure system through fiber bridging, not the increase of CCC.

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“…Therefore, future investigations should focus on these areas to get maximum output from this technique. We studied about plant-derived urease (seeds of watermelon) induced Calcium Phosphate Compound (CPC) precipitation instead of CaCO 3 precipitation [72]. CPC precipitation mechanism is highly dependent on its pH (Figure 1) [107] which can be increased by catalyzing the hydrolysis of urea using plant-derived urease.…”

Section: Caco 3 Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, this method has been used to measure urease activity of microorganisms [71]. We have used this conductivity method for measuring urease activity of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) seeds extract [72].…”

Section: Spectrophotometric Stop Rate Determination -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Use of Plant-Derived Urease in the Field of Geoenvironmental/ Geotechnical Engineering

Ran¹,

Kawasaki²

2016

J Civil Environ Eng

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Geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering applications currently being explored through bio mineralization process include cementation of sands to improve mechanical properties and hence, to enhance bearing capacity and liquefaction resistance, sequestration of carbon, soil erosion control via surficial stabilization, groundwater flow control and remediation of soil and groundwater impacted by metals and radionuclides. Bio mediated system broadly refers to a chemical reaction series that are managed and controlled through biological activities and byproducts resulting from those reactions alter the properties of material in the system. Bio mediated methods such as microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP), biofilm formation, biogas generation and biopolymers have been developed by injecting or stimulating microbes. MICP is the most widely explored method. Microbes having urease activity enhance the hydrolysis of urea and it helps to control the pH and to precipitate carbonate. Although it is a widely explored bio mediated method it has some disadvantages.The plant-derived urease may offer many benefits over microbial urease to induce carbonate cementation. Therefore, it is advantageous to explore the knowledge regarding such a technique as an eco-friendly method for different applications in the fields of geoenvironmental/geotechnical Engineering. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the importance of plant-derived urease for different applications in the fields of geoenvironmental/ geotechnical engineering. The information presented in this paper may be important for biotechnologists/geoengineers to have wide ranging updates on the current situation.

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Sand Cementation Test using Plant-Derived Urease and Calcium Phosphate Compound

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Experimental Study of EICP Combined with Organic Materials for Silt Improvement in the Yellow River Flood Area

Experimental Study of EICP Combined with Organic Materials for Silt Improvement in the Yellow River Flood Area

Effect of Incorporating Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of EICP-Treated Sand

Effective Use of Plant-Derived Urease in the Field of Geoenvironmental/ Geotechnical Engineering

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