Sand, gravel, and UN Sustainable Development Goals: Conflicts, synergies, and pathways forward

Bendixen, Mette; Iversen, Lars; Best, Jim; Franks, Daniel M.; Hackney, Christopher; Latrubesse, Edgardo Manuel; Tusting, Lucy S.

doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2021.07.008

Cited by 111 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 113 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A global program for detection and monitoring of sand mining has been regarded as crucial for quantifying the location and extent of sediment mining and the natural variations in sand flux in the world's rivers [1,6,7,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Monitoring System of Sand Mining in Large Rivers and Its Application to the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River, Myanmar

Gruel

Latrubesse

2021

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sand mining is one of the major sustainability challenges of the 21st century. Rates of extraction are surpassing sand supply, and ensuing sand starvation is adversely impacting channel-floodplains and deltas. Therefore, quantifying sand mining’s location and extent, through global monitoring and detection, particularly in fluvial systems, is becoming a priority. Sand mining by dredges and barges (extraction of sand and secondarily gravel) in South East Asian rivers, including illegal sand mining, has become rampant, and a monitoring system is not yet in place. Here, we present a high-resolution remote sensing-based mining monitoring system for sand mining in fluvial systems. We used Sentinel-1 mission, a radar component of the Copernicus joint initiative of the European Commission (EC) and the European Space Agency (ESA). The system, tested in the Ayeyarwady, the second largest river in SE Asia, detects sand mining by barges almost in real-time with a satisfactory accuracy level. An additional advantage of the monitoring system is that it does not incur any costs, making it accessible to multiple users, decision-makers, and stakeholders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Monitoring System of Sand Mining in Large Rivers and Its Application to the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River, Myanmar

Gruel

Latrubesse

2021

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our findings show that the ratio between anthropogenic sediment extraction and sediment supply in the LAR stays consistent with the global estimates by Syvitski et al (2022), while that in the Mekong River is much higher. This finding is in part due to the Mekong River flowing through developing countries where most people's subsistence tend to rely disproportionately on the natural resources in large rivers (e.g., Bendixen et al, 2021;Bravard et al, 2013;Da & Le Billon, 2022), resulting in a ∼8 Mtyr −1 increase of sand mining rate from 2016 to 2020 (Hackney et al, 2021). Whereas the S&G mining rate in the LAR remains relatively constant between 1971 and 2019 (Figure 3b).…”

Section: Sediment Supply Versus Anthropogenic Sediment Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sand and gravel (S&G) mining is a large and growing global industry (e.g., Bendixen et al., 2019; Hackney et al., 2020), with a threefold increase in sand demand worldwide over the last two decades (UNEP, 2019). The strong link between ecosystem services and resource consumption (i.e., water, sand, and food) indicates that above mentioned anthropogenic sediment extractions are inhibiting developing countries along large rivers (i.e., Ganges, Mekong, and the Nile) from meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 (e.g., Bendixen et al., 2021; Best & Darby, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Human Modification of the Lower Arkansas River Sediment Budget

Chen

Shaw

Sharman

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anthropogenic stressors on large rivers have significantly modified riverine sediment transport. However, the impacts of dredging and sand and gravel (S&G) mining are poorly monitored. We quantify these impacts on the lower Arkansas River, USA, where anthropogenic processes are well documented. The construction of dams caused a 98% reduction in suspended sediment discharge (Qss). Since dam construction, fluvially transported suspended sediment (4.4 ± 0.5 Mtyr−1) and suspended sand discharge (Qsand) (1.1 ± 0.1 Mtyr−1) are of the same order as the dredging rate (1.2 ± 0.1 Mtyr−1) and S&G mining rate (1.7 ± 0.1 Mtyr−1). While the modern sediment deficit on the Arkansas River is smaller than in rivers documented in developing countries, dredging and mining significantly alter the sediment balance in this large river, indicating that extraction management is needed worldwide, especially in developing economies, to improve ecosystem sustainability in large rivers.

show abstract

“…Sand and gravel aggregate extraction is the largest-volume mining operation in the world (Peduzzi, 2014). It is estimated that soon, the extraction rate of sand and gravel will exceed their regeneration rate (Bendixen et al, 2021). Sand and gravel are often obtained from riverbeds, seabeds, lakes, and floodplains, causing serious environmental problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FRESH AND HARDENED STATE PROPERTIES OF SCCs PREPARED WITH LIMESTONE-BASED MANUFACTURED AGGREGATES AND POWDER

Özkul

2022

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Because the amount of sand and gravel extracted from natural resources is quickly depleting, the use of manufactured aggregates is becoming increasingly important in terms of sustainability. In this study, crushed limestone and filler material were used as both sand and coarse aggregate and powder material. As a result, all of the concrete components' grains had an angular form and a rough surface. Self-compacting concretes (SCC) were made with a maximum aggregate size of 10 or 16 mm and cement content of 350 kg/m3. The amount of limestone fine was raised in increments of 100 kg/m3 up to 300 kg/m3. The effects of fine material amount and maximum coarse aggregate size on spreading, flow, passing ability through the obstacles, segregation, and rheological properties of SCCs were determined. Although the mixtures' slump flow performances remained in the SF2 and SF3 classes according to EFNARC standards, longer V-funnel times and larger J-ring differences were obtained when compared to slump flow values, particularly for 16 mm aggregate size. The hardened state properties of concretes were examined by measuring the compressive and splitting tensile strengths, modulus of elasticity and Poisson ratio.

show abstract

Sand, gravel, and UN Sustainable Development Goals: Conflicts, synergies, and pathways forward

Cited by 111 publications

References 113 publications

A Monitoring System of Sand Mining in Large Rivers and Its Application to the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River, Myanmar

A Monitoring System of Sand Mining in Large Rivers and Its Application to the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River, Myanmar

Significant Human Modification of the Lower Arkansas River Sediment Budget

FRESH AND HARDENED STATE PROPERTIES OF SCCs PREPARED WITH LIMESTONE-BASED MANUFACTURED AGGREGATES AND POWDER

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About