Sandpaper-based electrochemical devices assembled on a reusable 3D-printed holder to detect date rape drug in beverages

“…The measured value for electrical resistivity of 68 ± 10 Ω cm is coherent with the traditional macroscopic information found in literature (≤1000 Ω cm). 47,54,55 This behavior can be associated with the intrinsic properties of graphite-based surfaces such as micrometer-size flakes, high-specific contact area, pore depth and greater electron accessibility, for example. It can also be linked to the elevated proportion of the conductive particles (ø ≤ 50 μm) on ABS binder (1:1; w/w) upon the vegetal paper.…”

Section: Electrochemical Paper-based Sensor Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling 3D Printed Residues for the Development of Disposable Paper-Based Electrochemical Sensors

Silva-Neto

Duarte-Junior

Rocha

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Here, we propose a recyclable approach using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) residues from additive manufacturing in combination with low-cost and accessible graphite flakes as a novel and potential mixture for creating a conductive paste. The graphite particles were successfully incorporated in the recycled thermoplastic composite when solubilized with acetone and the mixture demonstrated greater adherence to different substrates, among which cellulose-based material made possible the construction of a paper-based electrochemical sensor (PES). The morphological, structural, and electrochemical characterizations of the recycled electrode material were demonstrated to be similar to those of the traditional carbon-based surfaces. Faradaic responses based on redox probe activity ([Fe(CN)6]3‑/4–) exhibited well-defined peak currents and diffusional mass transfer as a quasi-reversible system (96 ± 5 mV) with a fast heterogeneous rate constant value of 2 × 10–3 cm s–1. To improve the electrode electrochemical properties, both the PES and the classical 3D-printed electrode surfaces were modified with a combination of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and copper. Both electrode surfaces demonstrated the suitable oxidation of nitrite at 0.6 and 0.5 V vs Ag, respectively. The calculated analytical sensitivities for PES and 3D-printed electrodes were 0.005 and 0.002 μA/(μmol L–1), respectively. The proposed PES was applied for the indirect amperometric analysis of S-nitroso-cysteine (CysNO) in serum samples via nitrite quantitation, demonstrating a limit of detection of 4.1 μmol L–1, with statistically similar values when compared to quantitative analysis of the same samples by spectrophotometry (paired t test, 95% confidence limit). The evaluated electroanalytical approach exhibited linear behavior for nitrite in the concentration range between 10 and 125 μmol L–1, which is suitable for realizing clinical diagnosis involving Parkinson’s disease, for example. This proof of concept shows the great promise of this recyclable strategy combining ABS residues and conductive particles in the context of green chemical protocols for constructing disposable sensors.

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“…Paper-based electrodes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] are usually produced with conductive inks or CO 2 laser pyrolysis. CO 2 laser pyrolysis is known as the laser patterning (or scribing) technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating the Electrochemical Response of Eco‐Friendly Laser‐Pyrolyzed Paper Sensors Applied to Nitrite Determination

et al. 2022

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Miniaturized paper-based electrochemical sensors were fabricated using kraft paper and CO 2 laser, dispensing the need for chemical reagents and controlled atmospheric conditions. This study initially evaluated the paper type and laser processing parameters, enhancing the electrodes' robustness, electrochemical response, and electrical resistance. The sensors were also treated by applying À 1 V for 60 s in 1.0 mol L À 1 KCl, which is a simple and rapid procedure. The electrochemical treatment increased the electroactive area and roughness, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. These aspects helped modulate the sensors' electrochemical response for nitrite determination, improving selectivity and sensitivity for this compound. The sensors also showed repeatability and batch-to-batch reproducibility, with 2.2 and 10 % RSD, respectively. Therefore, this work brings a protocol to fabricating competitive electrochemical sensors through a sustainable strategy, opening possibilities for designing new analytical systems.

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Sandpaper-based electrochemical devices assembled on a reusable 3D-printed holder to detect date rape drug in beverages

Cited by 35 publications

References 56 publications

Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022

Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022

Recycling 3D Printed Residues for the Development of Disposable Paper-Based Electrochemical Sensors

Modulating the Electrochemical Response of Eco‐Friendly Laser‐Pyrolyzed Paper Sensors Applied to Nitrite Determination

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