Sandwich capture ultrasensitive sensor based on biohybrid interface for the detection of Cronobacter sakazakii

Rapid detection methods for foodborne pathogens based on nucleic acid amplification: Recent advances, remaining challenges, and possible opportunities

“…2 D presents the schematic representation of the EXPAR amplification. The process of EXPAR begins when the target sequence primes to the trigger sequence on the template, generating a partial double-strand duplex ( Xia et al, 2022 , Xu et al, 2022 ). Subsequently, DNA polymerase extends this duplex, yielding an extended double-strand DNA segment that incorporates a recognition site for a nicking enzyme.…”

“…Thus far, the application of this method for detecting pathogens in food samples has been limited. Nonetheless, in a recent study, Xu et al (2022) coupled the EXPAR technique with an immune sandwich structure comprising antibodies and aptamers. This coupling enhanced the isolation of C. sakazakii from milk samples, enabling the detection of this pathogen even at concentrations as low as 12 cfu/g.…”

Recent progress on DNAzyme-based biosensors for pathogen detection

“…Moreover, Exponential Amplification Reaction (EXPAR), 59 exonuclease III-assisted amplification, 60,61 Recombinase-Aided Amplification (RAA), 62 and Polymerase Spiral Reaction (PSR) 63 are studied in the area of bacteria detection. Catalytic Hairpin Assembly (CHA), 64–66 template-free amplification, 67,68 and Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) 69 represent additional methodologies investigated within the domain of pathogen detection.…”

EXPAR for biosensing: recent developments and applications

“…Xu et al further established a visually detectable analytical sensing method for Brucella suis detection based on a biohybrid interface. 73 This method leverages aptamer incorporation to achieve target-specific recognition. Upon successful target binding, an antibody-target-fusion aptamer immunosandwich structure is formed.…”