Sanghuangporus toxicodendri sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from China

Abstract

Sanghuangporus toxicodendri (Hymenochaetales) is described as new based on collections made from Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei Province, China. All studied basidiocarps grew on living trunks of Toxicodendron sp. This new species is characterized by having perennial, effused-reflexed to pileate basidiocarps; pore surface brownish yellow or yellowish brown, pores 7–9 per mm; context 1–5 mm thick or almost invisible; setae ventricose, dark brown, 26–42 × 7–10 μm; basidia 4-sterigmate or occasionally 2-sterigmate; basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, brownish yellow, slightly thick-walled, mostly 3.5–4 × 2.8–3 μm. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenies inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA indicated that Sanghuangporus spp. formed a monophyletic clade and resolved as a sister to Tropicoporus spp., and six strains of S. toxicodendri formed a monophyletic group which is sister to S. quercicola. An identification key to known species of Sanghuangporus is provided.

Addressing widespread misidentifications of traditional medicinal mushrooms in Sanghuangporus (Basidiomycota) through ITS barcoding and designation of reference sequences

“…Sanghuangporus toxicodendri was recently described from specimens collected from Toxicodendron sp. in Hubei, central China (Wu et al 2019b) and resembles S. quercicola, another species originally described from central China (Zhu et al 2017). However, in the publication introducing S. toxicodendri (Wu et al 2019b) the separation from S. quercicola was not well-supported phylogenetically.…”

“…All the ITS sequences matching these queries that had been deposited until 30 April 2020 were retrieved from GenBank (Table 1). In addition, recently published papers related to the taxonomy of Sanghuangporus were checked for supplementary information on collections generating these sequences (Wu et al 2012a(Wu et al , 2019bZhou and Qin 2012;Tian et al 2013;Ghobad-Nejhad 2015;Tomšovský 2015;Han et al 2016;Zhou et al 2016;Zhu et al 2019;Huo et al 2020;Shao et al 2020).…”

“…Besides morphological and ecological (host preference) characters, the ITS barcoding region provides the most powerful tool for differentiating species of the genus. For example, more than half of the known species of Sanghuangporus were discovered with the aid of the ITS region alone (Wu et al 2012a(Wu et al , 2019bTian et al 2013;Ghobad-Nejhad 2015;Tomšovský 2015;Zhu et al 2017). Moreover, the reliability of the ITS region for species differentiation in the genus has been substantiated by a multilocus-based phylogenetic analysis (Zhu et al 2019).…”

ITS barcoding-based species identification for Sanghuangporus (Basidiomycota), a genus of medicinal mushrooms

“…are accepted to represent S. quercicola (Table 1). In the paper submitting these six sequences, the specimens generating them were newly described as Sanghuangporus toxicodendri (Wu et al 2019b). However, in that paper the separation of S. toxicodendri and S. quercicola was actually not supported from a phylogenetic perspective, and moreover, the morphological differences between these two species are not on the basis of stable characters (Wu et al 2019b).…”

“…In the paper submitting these six sequences, the specimens generating them were newly described as Sanghuangporus toxicodendri (Wu et al 2019b). However, in that paper the separation of S. toxicodendri and S. quercicola was actually not supported from a phylogenetic perspective, and moreover, the morphological differences between these two species are not on the basis of stable characters (Wu et al 2019b). In the current phylogenetic analyses, the six specimens of S. toxicodendri, three specimens of S. quercicola and additional four collections merged together in a fully supported clade (Additional le 1: Tree S1, Additional le 2: Tree S2, Fig.…”