Sanitary Conditions of Public Swimming Pools in Amman, Jordan

Rabi, Atallah Z.

doi:10.3390/ijerph2008050021

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some pools showed higher indicator bacteria counts before bath suggesting the likely sources of water contamination or poor disinfection process for water supply. Risk of infection caused by pathogenic and non-pathogenic enteric organisms in pools, spas and similar recreational environments have been attributed to the release of materials into water by bathers through human shedding these organisms in faeces, urine, skin, saliva or mucus discharges (APHA, 1998;Castor and Beach, 2004;Rabi et al, 2008). Inadequate residual of a halogen (like chlorine) based disinfectant in these studied pools, increased bathers loads, use of pools by infected persons and low balance in water chemistry, greatly increases the potential for human illnesses (Fleisher et al, 1996;Nnaji et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the physicochemical and bacteriological properties of some semi-public Swimming pools in Makurdi, Nigeria

Omoni¹,

Torjir²,

Okekporo³

2019

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recreational waters are routes of transmission for most water-related illnesses. In this study, the water quality of five selected swimming pools (SP) was examined after disinfection prior to bathing and after bathing by swimmers. SP sampling was carried out weekly for 4 weeks between August and September in Makurdi, Nigeria. Bacterial loads and physicochemical parameters were determined using standard and standard analytical methods, respectively. Most of the physicochemical parameters analyzed were within recommended limit except for residual chlorine, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids exceeding the permissible limit in some SPs before and after bath. Total heterotrophic count before bath ranged from 2.1 × 10 7 to 10.9 × 10 7 cfu/ml and 4.2 × 10 7 to 17.6 × 10 7 cfu/ml after bath. Some SPs revealed Salmonella-Shigella spp. contamination before and after bath. Total coliforms (TC) ranged from 0-27 MPN/100 ml and 0-43 MPN/100 ml before and after bath respectively, while faecal coliforms (FC) ranged from 0-9 MPN/100 ml before bath and 0-21 MPN/100 ml after bath. Two of the studied SPs significantly increase in TC (150 and 86%) and FC (105 and 22%) after bath. The results suggest that the possible routes for pools contamination include source of water, inadequate disinfection process, faecal discharge and bather density.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the physicochemical and bacteriological properties of some semi-public Swimming pools in Makurdi, Nigeria

Omoni¹,

Torjir²,

Okekporo³

2019

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Jabu et al, (2005) showed that pool water samples were not contaminated with total coliforms because pool water was treated properly. Rabi et al, (2007) reported that 94.7% of swimming pool samples were contaminated with FC. Another study done by Itah and Ekpombok (2004) reported that all of the water samples of the swimming pools were positive for FC.…”

Section: Correlation Between Bacteriological and Physicochemical Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriological and Physicochemical Quality of Swimming Pools in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Dessalegn¹,

Kibret²

2018

Int.J.Curr.Res.Aca.Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Swimming pool is a water body that has been created artificially for swimming. It has been used to do for different activities like recreational activity, sport and rehabilitative treatment. In spite of its importance to human, it has been recognized as disease transmission channel in the world. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of information on the microbial load of swimming pools. So, a cross-sectional study was carried out from December to February, 2012 to 2013 to assess the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of swimming pools in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. A total of 81 water samples from three swimming pools were collected and used for examination of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, heterotrophic bacteria, temperature, pH, residual chlorine and turbidity. From total of 81 pool water samples, 72% and 74% were unacceptable to WHO standard of bacteriological and physicochemical limits respectively. For total coliforms 68 (84%), for heterotrophic plate count 65 (80%), for faecal coliform 61 (75%), for turbidity 64 (79%), for pH 61 (75%) and temperature 63 (78%) were above WHO standard. Residual chlorine of all pool water samples (100%) was less than WHO standard. The result indicates that there was poor pool water treatment because majority of pool water samples were not fulfilled WHO standard. So, there is needed to implement pool safety guideline measures by responsible health authority for protection of swimmers' health.

show abstract

“…Some studies have been investigated the quality of pool waters during the working days (4,5). Also, some researcher believed the highest number of swimmers during holidays and weekend are young children (16), therefore the water sampling would be better evaluated in these times. In order to monitor the environmental effect of physicochemical and microbial program, we examined the water pool conditions when the pools were disinfected and suitable for swimmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Physical, Chemical Characteristics and Microbial Contamination of the Indoor Swimming Pools

Ghasemi¹,

Hatam²,

Zaravar³

et al. 2019

Turkiye Parazitol Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kapalı yüzme havuzlarının fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik kirlenmelerini araştırmaktır. Yöntemler: Havuz suyu örnekleri plastik polipropilen sterilize edilmiş bir şişe kullanılarak toplandı. Suların fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri, suyun incelenmesinde kullanılan standart yöntemler ile sıcaklık, bulanıklık, pH ve serbest artık klor açısından analiz edildi. Havuz sularında bakteriyolojik (rutin yöntemler) ve parazitolojik (moleküler yöntemler) çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Kapalı havuzların sıcaklık, pH ve artık klor ortalamaları sırasıyla 31,2 °C, 7,6 ve 1,5 mg/L idi. Havuzların hiçbirinde bulanıklık gözlenmedi. PH ve sıcaklık değerleri yüzme havuzlarının sırasıyla %92,3 ve %15,4'ünde istenilen aralıktaydı. Yüzme havuzlarında suyun bakteriyel ve amipli kirlenme sıklığı sırasıyla %53,8 ve %46,2'dir. Bir havuz (%7,7) hem bakteri hem de amip ile kirlenmiştir. Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Cryptosporidium spp. ve Bacillus spp. havuz sularından izole edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, su havuzlarından bazı mikroorganizmalar tanımlanmıştır. Yüzme havuzlarının etkin yönetimi ve su havuzlarının fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özelliklerinin uygun şekilde kontrolü sağlıklı rekreasyon aktivitesini sağlayabilir.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical, chemical and microbiological contamination of indoor swimming pools.Methods: Pool water specimens were collected using a plastic polypropylene sterilized bottle. The physical and chemical qualities of the waters were analyzed in terms of temperature, turbidity, pH, and free residual chlorine, with the standard methods for the examination of water. Bacteriological (routine methods) and parasitological (molecular methods) tests were carried out on pools water. Results:The mean temperature, pH, and residual chlorine of the indoor pools were 31.2 °C, 7.6 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively.Turbidity was not observed in any of the pools. The pH and temperature values were in standard ranges in 92.3% and 15.4% of the waters of swimming pools, respectively. The prevalence rates of bacterial and amoebic contaminations of the water in the swimming pools were 53.8% and 46.2%, respectively. One pool (7.7%) was contaminated with both bacteria and amoeba. Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Cryptosporidium and Bacillus spp. were isolated from the pool waters. Conclusion:In this study, some microorganisms were identified from the water pools. Effective management of swimming pools and proper control of the physical, chemical and microbiological property of water pools can produce the healthy recreational activity.

show abstract

Sanitary Conditions of Public Swimming Pools in Amman, Jordan

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Studies on the physicochemical and bacteriological properties of some semi-public Swimming pools in Makurdi, Nigeria

Studies on the physicochemical and bacteriological properties of some semi-public Swimming pools in Makurdi, Nigeria

Bacteriological and Physicochemical Quality of Swimming Pools in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Investigation of the Physical, Chemical Characteristics and Microbial Contamination of the Indoor Swimming Pools

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About