SanJeeVni: Secure UAV-Envisioned Massive Vaccine Distribution for COVID-19 Underlying 6G Network

Abstract

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are deployed in Novel Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine distribution process. To address issues of fake vaccine distribution, real-time massive UAV monitoring and control at nodal centers (NCs), the authors propose SanJeeVni, a blockchain (BC)-assisted UAV vaccine distribution at the backdrop of sixth-generation (6G) enhanced ultra-reliable low latency communication (6G-eRLLC) communication. The scheme considers user registration, vaccine request, and distribution through a public Solana BC setup, which assures a scalable transaction rate. Based on vaccine requests at production setups, UAV swarms are triggered with vaccine delivery to NCs. An intelligent edge offloading scheme is proposed to support UAV coordinates and routing path setups. The scheme is compared against fifth-generation (5G) uRLLC communication. In the simulation, we achieve and 86% improvement in service latency, 12.2% energy reduction of UAV with 76.25% more UAV coverage in 6G-eRLLC, and a significant improvement of ≈199.76% in storage cost against the Ethereum network, which indicates the scheme efficacy in practical setups.

Unmanned aerial vehicles and pre-hospital emergency medicine

“…UAV applications were not excluded from this, and a number of actual and proposed uses were reported. These included the use of UAVs to collect patient samples and deliver to diagnostic centres and the distribution of vaccines [ 65 ] to difficult access communities [ 66 ]. The practicalities of UAV use for remote diagnosis and patient data collection have been reported [ 67 ] and also the screening of large populations with thermal imaging to detect pyrexia [ 68 ].…”

Applications of Social Media and Digital Technologies in COVID-19 Vaccination: Scoping Review

“…The current platforms failed to meet the various storage and delivery conditions for different brands of COVID-19 vaccines [197][198][199], and blockchain was increasingly used to monitor the whole process from production to delivery, and to ensure vaccine safety in the supply chain. The blockchain applications in this field included Ethereum [155,156] and smart contracts [156][157][158][159][160][161], which could manage the data on COVID-19 vaccine distribution and automate traceability. The Ethereum solution was a decentralized application platform built on blockchain technology at a low cost, and smart contracts were automatically executable and code-based transactions on the blockchain, which were secure enough to avoid possible attacks and vulnerabilities [155].…”

“…The Ethereum solution was a decentralized application platform built on blockchain technology at a low cost, and smart contracts were automatically executable and code-based transactions on the blockchain, which were secure enough to avoid possible attacks and vulnerabilities [155]. Blockchain combined with unmanned aerial vehicle communication networks can ensure transparency of the vaccine supply chain and mitigate security attacks [157,161]. Additionally, 11 studies [142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152] utilized algorithms, such as LSTM, machine learning regression, and artificial neural networks, to design optimal vaccine distribution strategies, monitor vaccine storage temperature, and address supply chain issues.…”

Advanced Mobile Communication Techniques in the Fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic Era and Beyond: An Overview of 5G/B5G/6G

“…BC-assisted UAV VD with RT monitoring and control using 6G-enhanced ultra-reliable low-latency communication was proposed [ 22 ]. CPCS, CT, CFI, and ERCMR can be achieved.…”