Saponin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced kidney and liver damage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions

Golmohammadi, Mohammad Ghasem; Banaei, Shokofeh; Timar, M; Abedi, Ali

doi:10.1556/2060.2023.00190

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The oxidative damage induced by CCl 4 toxicity can be prevented, at least in part, by using plant extracts with antioxidant activity [70]. The results of the current investigation corroborated with this finding and showed that the GSH, CAT, and SOD levels were all raised after consuming the B. nigra sprout extract.…”

Section: Effect Of B Nigra Sprout Extracts On Antioxidant Biomarkers ...supporting

confidence: 87%

The Nephroprotective Potential of Brassica nigra Sprout Hydroalcoholic Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

Aljutaily,

Almutairi,

Alharbi

2023

Foods

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The nephroprotective potential of the Brassica nigra sprout (BNS) hydroalcoholic extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced renal toxicity in rats was the object of this study. B. nigra sprouts were prepared in the lab to monitor the bio-changes in bioactive compounds during the sprouting for up to 7 days at 17 ± 1 °C and 90% relative humidity. Subsequently, 6-day sprouts of B. nigra were selected according to their phenolics and antioxidant activity, extracted, and examined for their nephroprotective and antioxidative stress potential at 250 and 500 mg sprout extracts kg−1 bw, in vivo. Weight gain, organ weight, lipid profile, atherogenic index, kidney functions, and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed. The results indicated that the most proficient treatment for weight gain improvement was BNS extract at 500 mg kg−1. BNS at 250 mg kg−1 was remarked as the lowest weight gain enhancer compared to the NR group. A significant increase in TG, TC, LDL-c, and VLDL-c levels in the rats with CCl4-induced renal toxicity, and a significant decrease in HDL level, was noted. The administration of the BNS extract at 250 and 500 mg kg−1 considerably attenuated TG, TC, LDL-c, and VLDL-c levels, compared to the NR group. The most efficient treatment for improving the lipid profile was the BNS extract at 500 mg kg−1, even better than 250 mg kg−1. Administrating the BNS extract substantially attenuated the alterations in the creatinine, urea, and BUN caused by the CCl4 injection. The most efficient improvement was markedly recorded with the BNS extract at 500 mg kg−1, compared to the NR group. The rats treated with the BNS extract showed significant enhancement in GSH, CAT, and SOD activities and a considerable reduction in MDA levels. Administering the BNS extract at 250 and 500 mg kg−1 can efficiently reverse CCl4 inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities, significantly increase GSH, CAT, and SOD, and decrease the MDA levels dose-dependently. The BNS extract at 250 and 500 mg kg−1 exhibits nephroprotection and antioxidative stress in a dose-dependent matter. The total nephroprotection % was recorded at 65.18% and 99.21% for rats treated with 250 and 500 mg kg−1, respectively. These findings could prove and potentiate the nephroprotective activities of the BNS extract in the range of the given doses. Further clinical studies are highly recommended for confirming the nephroprotection efficiency of the B. nigra sprout.

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Section: Effect Of B Nigra Sprout Extracts On Antioxidant Biomarkers ...supporting

confidence: 87%

The Nephroprotective Potential of Brassica nigra Sprout Hydroalcoholic Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

Aljutaily,

Almutairi,

Alharbi

2023

Foods

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“…This may be due to its superior content of phytochemicals and bioactive substances [11,64]. It is widely known that oxidative damage induced by CYP hepatotoxicity can be prevented by administering plant extracts with antioxidant activity [63]. The results of the current investigation corroborate this finding and show that the BN extract raised the levels of GSH, CAT, and SOD.…”

Section: Effects Of B Nigra Sprout Extract On Antioxidant Biomarkers ...supporting

confidence: 82%

“…These observations indicate that BN sprouts at 250 and 500 mg kg −1 exhibit superior antioxidant activity in immunosuppressed rats. It is known that CYP affects antioxidant enzymes, significantly increasing oxidative stress, as Golmohammadi et al [63] confirmed. Our result agrees with that of Rajamurugan et al [18], who indicated that a crude methanolic extract of B. nigra exhibits antioxidative stress, accelerates the production of oxidative enzymes, and scavenges the free radicals in biological systems.…”

Section: Effects Of B Nigra Sprout Extract On Antioxidant Biomarkers ...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Immune-Boosting Potentiating Properties of Brassica nigra Hydroalcoholic Extract in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Rats

Barakat,

Alkhurayji,

Aljutaily

2023

Foods

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The antioxidative and immune-boosting properties of the hydroalcoholic extract of Brassica nigra sprouts in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in rats were investigated in this study. B. nigra sprouts were prepared in the lab to monitor the bio-changes in bioactive compounds during the sprouting period up to 7 days at 17 ± 1 °C and 90% relative humidity. The total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AOA), total flavonoids (TFs), total flavonols (TFLs), and total carotenoids (TCs) were evaluated. Consequently, the identification and quantification of phenolic acids, their derivatives, and flavonoids were carried out using HPLC. Subsequently, the selected BN sprout (6-day-old sprout) was biologically examined, and oxidative stress biomarkers, hematological parameters, immunoglobulins (Igs), and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were investigated. An increase in TPC, AOA, TFs, TFLs, and TCs was observed by increasing the sprouting time. The HPLC analysis indicated that the B. nigra seeds contained 10 phenolic acids and 4 flavonoids, predominantly syringic acid and quercetin, respectively. After 3 days, the number of phenolic acids increased to 16, predominantly syringic acid, and the number of flavonoids increased to 7, predominantly quercetin. On the 6th day, 13 phenolic acids were estimated, with the highest being benzoic acid, and 6 flavonoids were estimated, with the highest being quercetin. The greatest rise in phenols was seen on the sixth day of sprouting. These included caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and rosmarinic acid. Flavonoids such as kaempferol and myricetin increased. The sprouts on day 6 were recorded as having the highest bioactive compounds and AOA content. The selected B. nigra sprouts were examined for antioxidative and immunomodulatory properties in a rat model. Dosing 250 and 500 mg kg−1, the rats exhibited significant improvements in terms of antioxidative stress and the number of white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, and neutrophils in the blood, indicating stimulation of the immune response in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the production of immune proteins, such as IgG, IgM, and IgA, was enhanced in the blood. Moreover, the 500 mg kg−1 concentration of BN extract stimulated cytokine production in a stronger manner than the 250 mg kg−1 concentration, indicating that the extract significantly increased immune activity. In conclusion, the results indicate that mustard seed extracts have immunosuppressive properties against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in rats.

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A mass spectrometry database for the identification of marine animal saponin-related metabolites

Smith,

Cummins,

Motti

et al. 2024

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Saponins encompass a diverse group of naturally occurring glycoside molecules exhibiting amphiphilic properties and a broad range of biological activities. There is a resurgence of interest in those saponins produced by marine organisms based on their potential therapeutic benefits, application in food products and most recently their potential involvement in intra- and inter-species chemical communication. The continual advancements in liquid chromatography techniques and mass spectrometry technologies have allowed for greater detection rates, as well as improved isolation and elucidation of saponins. These factors have significantly contributed to the expansion in the catalogue of known saponin structures isolated from marine invertebrates; however, there currently exists no specific chemical library resource to accelerate the discovery process. In this study, a Marine Animal Saponin Database (MASD v1.0) has been developed to serve as a valuable chemical repository for known marine saponin-related data, including chemical formula, molecular mass and biological origin of nearly 1000 secondary metabolites associated with saponins produced by marine invertebrates. We demonstrate its application with an exemplar asteroid extract (Acanthaster cf. solaris, also known as crown-of-thorns starfish; COTS), identifying saponins from the MASD v1.0 that have been previously reported from COTS, as well as 21 saponins isolated from multiple other related asteroid species. This database will help facilitate future research endeavours, aiding researchers in exploring the vast chemical diversity of saponins produced by marine organisms and providing ecological insights, and the realisation of their potential for various applications, including as pharmaceuticals. Graphical Abstract

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Saponin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced kidney and liver damage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

The Nephroprotective Potential of Brassica nigra Sprout Hydroalcoholic Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

The Nephroprotective Potential of Brassica nigra Sprout Hydroalcoholic Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

Immune-Boosting Potentiating Properties of Brassica nigra Hydroalcoholic Extract in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Rats

A mass spectrometry database for the identification of marine animal saponin-related metabolites

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