SAR Imaging of Waves in Ice

Dawe, Barry; Parashar, S. K.

doi:10.1109/oceans.1978.1151122

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Swell penetration was observed in the aircraft synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images in the MIZ but was barely visible on coincident aerial photographs. SAR imaging of waves in ice has previously been considered by Dawe and Parashar [1978] and by Raney [1981]. Lyzenga et al [1985] suggested that velocity bunching is the dominant image contrast modulation mechanism for these waves that enables the SAR imaging of waves in ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave propagation in the marginal ice zone: Model predictions and comparisons with buoy and synthetic aperture radar data

1991

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In this paper the ocean wave dispersion relation and viscous attenuation by a sea ice cover are studied for waves propagating into the marginal ice zone (MIZ). The derivation of the dispersion relation and the viscous attenuation by an ice sheet are discussed for waves under flexure and pack compression. In the MIZ, the flexure effect is important for short waves. For a fixed wave period the changes in wavelength and group velocity as a function of ice thickness are significant. In turn, the exponential wave attenuation rate shows a rollover at short wave periods, whereby the rapid increase in wave attenuation rate with decreasing wave period slows down or even turns into a decrease. The Labrador Ice Margin Experiment (LIMEX), conducted on the MIZ off the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada, in March 1987, provides us with aircraft synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, wave buoy, and ice property data. On the basis of the wave number spectrum from the SAR data and the concurrent wave frequency spectrum from the ocean buoy data and accelerometer data on the ice during LIMEX '87, the dispersion relation has been estimated and compared with a model. Wave energy attenuation rates are estimated from SAR data and the ice motion package data which were deployed at the ice edge and into the ice pack, and compared with the model. The model‐data comparisons are reasonably good for the ice conditions observed during LIMEX '87. Some previously reported data of wave attenuation in the MIZ are revisited for model comparison.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave propagation in the marginal ice zone: Model predictions and comparisons with buoy and synthetic aperture radar data

1991

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“…In‐situ observations on a large scale and over a long period can be challenging in the harsh environment of the pole regions. Among various spaceborne remote sensing instruments demonstrating capabilities of investigating wave attenuation in sea ice (Collard et al., 2022), Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has shown significant potential for observing ocean waves in ice‐covered areas (Dawe & Parashar, 1978; Lyden et al., 1988; Lyzenga et al., 1985; Raney et al., 1989; Schulz‐Stellenfleth & Lehner, 2002; Vachon et al., 1993). Early attempts were made to derive energy attenuation rates in ice based on SAR spectra contrast (A. K. Liu et al., 1991; Raney et al., 1989) and they yielded attenuation rates ranging from 0.606 × 10 −4 /m to 5.7 × 10 −4 /m.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice in the Arctic Marginal Ice Zone Observed by Spaceborne SAR

Huang,

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Attenuation of ocean waves by ice is a crucial process of the interaction between waves and sea ice in marginal ice zone (MIZ), while such interaction can contribute to the retreating of sea ice in the Arctic. Based on the retrieved two‐dimensional ocean wave spectra by spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar, we investigated the attenuation of ocean waves in the MIZ in Svalbard and Greenland. The results show that the energy attenuation rate ranges from 0.126 × 10−4/m to 0.618 × 10−4/m. Quantitative analysis suggests that the attenuation rate is significantly related to wave height and peak wave period of coming waves. It is further found that the waves decay faster in the area with ice thickness exceeding 0.5 m. We compared the derived wave attenuation rates in the present study with those in previous studies based on in situ measurements, which reveals that waves are becoming less attenuated by sea ice in the Arctic.

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“…Remote sensing is an effective technique to measure ocean waves in open water. However, in ice-covered areas, while both RAs and SWIM hardly observe interactions between ice and waves, SAR still can acquire clear images of waves in ice with both high spatial resolution and broad coverage, which has been observed since early airborne and spaceborne SAR [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SAR's imaging mechanism of waves in sea ice has been studied since the 1970s [21][22][23][24]. The generally acceptable viewpoints are listed as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Retrievals of Ocean Wave Spectrum by Spaceborne SAR in Ice-Covered Areas

Huang

2022

Remote Sensing

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The sea ice in the Arctic is retreating rapidly and ocean waves may accelerate the process by interacting with sea ice. Though Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has shown great capability of imaging waves in ice, there are few attempts to retrieve the ocean wave spectrum (OWS) by SAR in ice-covered areas. In this study, based on the previously developed nonlinear inversion scheme, i.e., the Max Planck Institute (MPI) scheme, and the Sentinel-1 SAR data acquired in the Barents Sea, ocean wave spectra were retrieved by using the different combinations of modulation transfer functions (MTFs) in the MPI scheme: (1) using the same MTFs as those used in open water; (2) by neglecting both the hydrodynamic and tilt modulations; (3) by neglecting the hydrodynamic modulation but involving a newly fitted tilt modulation over ice for HH-polarized SAR data. We compared the simulated SAR image spectra based on the retrievals with the observational SAR image spectra to quantify their respective performances. The comparisons suggest that neglecting hydrodynamic modulation can significantly improve the retrievals. The remaining tilt modulation can further improve the retrievals, particularly for range-travelling waves. This study enhances the understanding of the principles of SAR imaging waves in ice and provides basics for retrievals of ocean wave spectra by SAR data in ice-covered areas.

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SAR Imaging of Waves in Ice

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Wave propagation in the marginal ice zone: Model predictions and comparisons with buoy and synthetic aperture radar data

Wave propagation in the marginal ice zone: Model predictions and comparisons with buoy and synthetic aperture radar data

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice in the Arctic Marginal Ice Zone Observed by Spaceborne SAR

Study on Retrievals of Ocean Wave Spectrum by Spaceborne SAR in Ice-Covered Areas

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