Sarcoidosis: Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Genetics

Lazarus, Angeline A.

doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.04.008

Cited by 65 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…As granulomas secrete ACE and calcitriol, serum ACE level and U Ca are used to monitor sarcoidosis activity 1 , 23 . Our study found serum ACE level and U Ca to be associated with lower and higher antibody response, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Cytotoxic T cells, in addition to T h Cs, play a role in stimulating B‐cell antibody production against influenza infection 24 . Cytotoxic T‐cell distribution is generally not affected in sarcoidosis, 1 , 23 and this could explain the profound response of patients to influenza vaccine in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Dominance of T h C type 1 cytokines (e.g., IFN‐γ and IL‐2) in the lung and accumulation of T h Cs in the granulomatous lesions that leads to cutaneous anergy (e.g., to Mantoux test) are seen in sarcoidosis. A weaker immune response in the periphery in contrary to accumulation of immune T cells in the injured sites is referred to as ‘immune paradox’ 1 , 23 . The humoral immune response is largely provoked by cellular immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The humoral immune response is largely provoked by cellular immunity. T h Cs have an important role in stimulating B cells to produce antibodies; consequently, their depletion in the peripheral blood can reduce T h C‐mediated B‐cell antibody response (as observed against hepatitis B vaccine) 16 , 23 . Cytotoxic T cells, in addition to T h Cs, play a role in stimulating B‐cell antibody production against influenza infection 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety

Tavana

Argani

Gholamin

et al. 2011

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Please cite this paper as: Tavana et al. (2011) Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2011.00290.x. Background Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory, granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology. The role of cellular and humoral immune systems in this disease is unclear, whereas dysregulation of the immune system is suggested. Patients with sarcoidosis show diverse responses while exposed to various antigens. Although influenza vaccination is recommended in pulmonary sarcoidosis, its efficacy and safety has not been investigated. Objectives To evaluate safety and immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in patients with sarcoidosis. Patients/Methods Influenza vaccination was performed in 23 eligible patients with sarcoidosis (SP) and 26 healthy controls (HC). Antibody titers against H1N1, H3N2, and B influenza virus antigens were evaluated just before and 1 month after vaccination. Patients were followed for 6 months to assess vaccine safety. Results Serological response and magnitude of changes in antibody titers against influenza vaccine antigens were comparable between SPs and HCs. Women showed a better serological response against B antigen (P = 0·034) than men. Twenty‐four‐hour urine calcium was associated with antibody response against H1N1 [correlation coefficient (CC) = 0·477, P = 0·003] and H3N2 (CC = 0·352, P = 0·028) antigens. Serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme correlated negatively with antibody response against B antigen (CC = −0·331, P = 0·040). Higher residual volume was associated with fewer rises in antibody titer against H3N2 antigen (CC = −0·377, P = 0·035). No major adverse events or disease flare‐up was observed during follow‐up. Conclusions In this study, influenza vaccination did not cause any major adverse event in SPs, and their serological response was equal to HCs. Studies with larger sample size and a broader selection of subjects could help validate the results of this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety

Tavana

Argani

Gholamin

et al. 2011

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…(1)(2)(3)(4)(5) The lung is the most commonly affected organ. (3,4,6) Although there is remission in 50% of cases, some patients live with chronic disease for decades. (1,4) Sarcoidosis affects all ethnic and age groups, being more common before the age of 50 years and being predominant in females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Características epidemiológicas de pacientes com sarcoidose na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

et al. 2011

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Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of sarcoidosis patients in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive, case-control study involving 100 sarcoidosis patients under outpatient treatment between 2008 and 2010 at the Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was based on clinical, radiological, biochemical, and histopathological criteria. Results: There was a predominance of females in the 35-40 year age bracket (range, 7-69 years), who accounted for 65% of the sample, although there was a second peak at approximately 55 years of age. The most common symptom was dyspnea (in 47%), and the most common radiological findings were pulmonary and lymph node involvement (stage II; in 43%), followed by stage III (in 20%), stage I (in 19%), stage 0 (in 15%), and stage IV (in 3%). No pleural effusion or digital clubbing was observed at diagnosis. The tuberculin skin test was negative in 94 patients. Spirometric findings at diagnosis were normal in 61 patients; indicative of obstructive lung disease in 21; and indicative of restrictive lung disease in 18. The most common biopsy sites were the lungs (principally by bronchoscopy) and the skin, the diagnosis being confirmed by biopsy in 56% and 29% of the cases, respectively. Treatment with prednisone was initiated in 75% of the patients and maintained for more than 2 years in 19.7%. Conclusions: This study corroborates the findings of previous studies regarding the epidemiological characteristics of sarcoidosis patients.Keywords: Sarcoidosis/epidemiology; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis; Sarcoidosis/therapy. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar as características epidemiológicas de pacientes com sarcoidose na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, caso-controle, envolvendo 100 pacientes com sarcoidose acompanhados no Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre 2008 e 2010. O diagnóstico de sarcoidose foi baseado em critérios clínicos, radiográficos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos. Resultados: A doença predominou em mulheres (65%), na faixa de 35-40 anos (variação: 7-69 anos), embora houvesse um segundo pico na população de aproximadamente 55 anos. A dispneia foi o sintoma mais comum (47%), assim como o achado radiográfico de comprometimento pulmonar e linfonodal (estágio II; 43%), seguido por estágio III (20%), estágio 1(19%), estágio 0 (15%) e estágio IV (3%). Nenhum paciente apresentou derrame pleural ou baqueteamento digital no diagnóstico. O PPD foi não reator em 94 pacientes. Os achados espirométricos no diagnóstico foram normais em 61 pacientes; indicativos de distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo, em 21; e indicativos de distúrbio ventilatório restritivo, em 18. Os sítios de biópsia mais comuns foram os pulmões (principalmente por broncoscopia) e a pele, que confirmaram o diagnóstico em 56% e 29% dos casos, respectivamente. O tratamento com prednisona foi iniciado em 75% dos pacientes e mantido por mais de 2 anos em 19,7%. Co...

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Mixed Lymph Node Patterns: Including Granulomatous Lymphadenopathy, Noninfectious

Zhang

Cualing

2012

Non‐Neoplastic Hematopathology and Infections

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Sarcoidosis: Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Genetics

Cited by 65 publications

References 40 publications

Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety

Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety

Características epidemiológicas de pacientes com sarcoidose na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

Mixed Lymph Node Patterns: Including Granulomatous Lymphadenopathy, Noninfectious

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