Sarcoidosis in Africans: 12 cases with histological confirmation from Nigeria

Awotedu, A A; George, A. O.; Oluboyo, PO; Alabi, G. O.; Onadeko, B.O.; Ogunseyinde, OA; Aghadiuno, P. U.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90387-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This review identified underlying etiologies of SCA/SCD and ventricular arrhythmias in SSA, with hypertensive heart disease, coronary disease, cardiomyopathy, including peripartum cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease, especially rheumatic heart disease being the most common causes of SCA/SCD among adults [ 61 64 67 69 71 72 73 90 ]. Others include malignant arrhythmogenic inherited diseases [ 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 84 85 86 87 88 102 103 104 ], pericarditis [ 92 ], endemic parasitic infections [ 9 93 ], pulmonary embolism [ 62 91 ], endomyocardial fibrosis [ 95 ], congenital heart disease [ 96 ], pulmonary embolism [ 62 91 ], pulmonary hypertension [ 61 ], and aortic dissection/rupture [ 64 ]. Despite sarcoidosis being prevalent in SSA where approximately one in five cases is often mis-diagnosed as tuberculosis, studies on cardiac manifestations of sarcoidosis are lacking in this region [ 102 103 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy, prolonged corrected non-congenital QT interval and sinus tachycardia on baseline ECG were independent predictors of poor composite outcome which included death during follow-up [90]. Cardiomyopathies [58,61] Hypertensive heart disease [58,62,67] Coronary artery disease [58,59,61,64,69] Rheumatic heart disease [61,69] Congenital heart disease [96] Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy [76,77] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [74,75] Brugada syndrome [78,79] Congenital Long QT syndrome (seen only in non-Black populations) [74,88,101] Ventricular non-compaction [84] Pulmonary embolism [62,91] Endomyocardial fibrosis [95] Pulmonary hypertension [61] Pericarditis (mainly tuberculous) [92] Aortic dissection/rupture [64] Endemic parasitic infections like trypanosomiasis & schistosomiasis [9,59,93] Sarcoidosis [102][103][104] Respiratory disease [58,62,64] Septicemia [58,66] HIV/AIDS [58,…”

Section: Reported Underlying Etiologies Of Sca/scd and Ventricular Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others include malignant arrhythmogenic inherited diseases [74-81, 84-88, 102-104], pericarditis [92], endemic parasitic infections [9,93], pulmonary embolism [62,91], endomyocardial fibrosis [95], congenital heart disease [96], pulmonary embolism [62,91], pulmonary hypertension [61], and aortic dissection/rupture [64]. Despite sarcoidosis being prevalent in SSA where approximately one in five cases is often mis-diagnosed as tuberculosis, studies on cardiac manifestations of sarcoidosis are lacking in this region [102][103][104]. However, it is known that African Americans in USA have a higher sarcoid incidence and >10 folds higher mortality including SCD and heart failure death compared to Caucasians [132].…”

Section: Sudden Cardiac Arrest/sudden Cardiac Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

Yuyun

Bonny

et al. 2020

Global Heart

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Major structural cardiovascular diseases are associated with cardiac arrhythmias, but their full spectrum remains unknown in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which we addressed in this systematic review. Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) prevalence is 16-22% in heart failure, 10-28% in rheumatic heart disease, 3-7% in cardiology admissions, but <1% in the general population. Use of oral anticoagulation is heterogenous (9-79%) across SSA. The epidemiology of sudden cardiac arrest/death is less characterized in SSA. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is challenging, owing to low awareness and lack of equipment for life-support. About 18% of SSA countries have no cardiac implantable electronic devices services, leaving hundreds of millions of people without any access to treatment for advanced bradyarrhythmias, and implant rates are more than 200-fold lower than in the western world. Management of tachyarrhythmias is largely noninvasive (about 80% AF/AFL via rate-controlled strategy only), as electrophysiological study and catheter ablation centers are almost non-existent in most countries. Highlights:-Atrial fibrillation/flutter prevalence is 16-22% in heart failure, 10-28% in rheumatic heart disease, 3-7% in cardiology admissions, and <1% in the general population in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).-Rates of oral anticoagulation use for CHA2DS2VASC score ≥2 are very diverse (9-79%) across SSA countries.-Data on sudden cardiac arrest are scant in SSA with low cardiopulmonary resuscitation awareness.-Low rates of cardiac implantable electronic devices insertions and rarity of invasive arrhythmia treatment centers are seen in SSA, relative to the high-income countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reported Underlying Etiologies Of Sca/scd and Ventricular Armentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sudden Cardiac Arrest/sudden Cardiac Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

Yuyun

Bonny

et al. 2020

Global Heart

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“…Histological demonstration of AFB by Ziehl-Neelsen stain in tuberculosis is notorious for its poor sensitivity. 13 A study in Singapore demonstrated AFB in only 13.4% 26 of tuberculosis, while in Ibadan AFB was demonstrated in just over one quarter (27%) of cases. 12 This underscores the need for more sensitive techniques like fluorescence auramine staining, immunofluorescence and nucleic acid hybridization, which are presently unavailable in our laboratory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of peripheral lymph node biopsies in Kano, Northern Nigeria

et al. 2007

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Background: Lymphadenopathy is a common clinical problem here in Kano, Northern Nigeria but there has been no formal study. We therefore undertook this review to evaluate the pattern in our locality. Method: This is a seven-year (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004) retrospective review of all histologically diagnosed lymph node biopsies received at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Results: Cervical, axillary and inguinal nodes were the most frequently biopsied accounting for 46%, 23% and 13%, while tuberculosis, lymphomas and metastases were the most commonly diagnosed lesions comprising 30%, 24% and 19% respectively. In general, benign lesions were more common constituting 57% of nodal biopsies. Lymphadenopathy was observed to be most prevalent in the first three decades. Conclusion: Our findings were broadly similar to most other Nigerian studies and slightly at variance with other African countries but significantly different from the Western World. The limitations of lymph node histopathology in the absence of modern molecular diagnostic techniques are highlighted.Key words: Lymphadenopathy, tuberculosis, lymph node metastases, reactive hyperplasia Résumé Introduction: La lymphadenopathie est un probléme clinique courant ici à Kano, Nord du Nigeria, cependant il n'ya encore eu aucune étude formelle sur ce sujet. C'est pour cette raison que nous avons décidé d'entreprendre cette étude pour evaluer la distribution dans notre localité. Méthodes: Voici une etude retrospective faite en sept ans (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)

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“…Alternatively, it has been suggested that factors including endemic tuberculosis and scarce diagnostic and radiologic resources have likely contributed to the underreporting of sarcoidosis in Africa (Benatar 1977, 1980; Jacyk 1984; James and Hosoda 1994). More recent reports from South Africa, (Benatar 1977, 1980) and Nigeria (Awotedu et al 1987; Jacyk 1984; Oluboyo et al 1987) suggest that the disease occurs with greater frequency than previously reported, and that the highest incidence of disease occurs among black Africans compared to colored (mixed-race) and white Africans (Benatar 1977, 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Replication of genetic loci for sarcoidosis in US black women: data from the Black Women’s Health Study

et al. 2013

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In the United States, incidence and mortality from sarcoidosis, a chronic, granulomatous disease, are increased in black women. In data from the Black Women's Health Study, a follow-up of US black women, we assessed two SNPs (rs2076530 and rs9268480) previously identified in the BTNL2 gene (chromosome 6p21), of which rs4424066 and rs3817963 are perfect proxies, to determine if they represent independent signals of disease risk. We also assessed whether local ancestry in four genomic regions previously identified through admixture mapping was associated with sarcoidosis. Finally, we assessed the relation of global percent African ancestry to risk. We conducted a nested case–control study of 486 sarcoidosis cases and 943 age- and geography-matched controls. Both BTNL2 SNPs were associated with risk of sarcoidosis in separate models, but in a combined analysis the increased risk was due to the A-allele of the rs3817963 SNP; each copy of the A-allele was associated with a 40 % increase in risk of sarcoidosis (p = 0.02) and was confirmed by our haplotypic analysis. Local African ancestry around the rs30533 ancestry informative marker at chromosome 5q31 was associated with a 29 % risk reduction (p = 0.01). Therefore, we adjusted our analysis of global African ancestry for number of copies of African alleles in rs30533. Subjects in the highest quintile of percent African ancestry had a 54 % increased risk of sarcoidosis. The present results from a population of African-American women support the role of the BTNL2 gene and the 5q31 locus in the etiology of sarcoidosis, and also demonstrate that percent African ancestry is associated with disease risk.

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Sarcoidosis in Africans: 12 cases with histological confirmation from Nigeria

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

Pathology of peripheral lymph node biopsies in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Replication of genetic loci for sarcoidosis in US black women: data from the Black Women’s Health Study

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