Sarcomatoid carcinoma in the trachea: <scp>A</scp> case report and literature review

Jang, Si‐Hyong; Cho, Hyun D.; Lee, Jihye; Lee, Hyun Jae; Hong, Soon Auck; Cho, Junhun; Lee, Ho S.; Oh, Mee‐Hye

doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12437

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The patient was disease-free at 12 months; however, again, follow-up was not evaluated beyond this. There is, however, a case of disease found at the cervical trachea, for which the authors achieved complete resection with clear surgical margins, followed by chemoradiotherapy, and the patient had no evidence of recurrence or metastasis at the 5-year mark 7. The fifth case reported complicated pathology of a collision tumour8: spindle cell carcinoma in conjunction with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); therefore, treatment consisted of full surgical excision, with chemoradiotherapy to target the tracheal tumour, in combination with radioactive iodine for the PTC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spindle cell sarcomatoid tumour of the trachea: a rare primary malignant tumour

et al. 2022

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Spindle cell carcinoma is a subtype of sarcomatoid carcinoma, which has previously been described in various anatomical locations, though rarely in the trachea.We present the case of a woman in her 70s who presented with a sore throat and stridor. Fibreoptic nasendoscopy demonstrated a tracheal mass occupying 80% of the airway from the cricoid cartilage to the third tracheal ring, infiltrating the thyroid gland. Subsequent CT demonstrated pulmonary emboli and vertebral metastasis. Biopsy of the infiltrated thyroid confirmed the diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma. The length of the tumour and metastasis at presentation made this surgically unresectable, and she was referred for a palliative stent but died after an acute deterioration.This pathology has been reported only five times previously in the literature, with management strategies varying greatly between patients. Primary tracheal tumours are difficult to manage as, due to their rarity, there are no clear guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spindle cell sarcomatoid tumour of the trachea: a rare primary malignant tumour

et al. 2022

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“… 13 Only three cases of tracheal sarcomatoid carcinoma have been reported. 2–4 The higher value of Ki-67, the more the cell proliferation and tumour invasion ability. In this case, 22.4% of Ki-67 expression in epithelial component and 24.0% in spindle cell component were low compared with median 62% (range, 20% to 87%) expression in pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma of 17 patients reported in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, only three cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma in the trachea have been reported. 2–4 Epithelial–mesenchymaltransition (EMT) is related to metastasis and resistance to therapy. 5 Generally, surgical resection is considered useful for tracheal tumours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleomorphic carcinoma of the trachea after chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal cancer

et al. 2020

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A 66-year-old male patient who had received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for laryngeal cancer 2 years ago visited a local doctor complaining of dyspnoea and wheezing. CT scan showed narrowing of the trachea caused by a tumour. We intubated the trachea over the tumour using a bronchoscope. A week later, the truncated tracheal tumour obstructed the tracheal tube, compromising the patient’s breathing. We removed the obstructed tube and inserted a new one. We submitted the tissue from the tube to a pathologist. Histopathological diagnosis was pleomorphic carcinoma, a subtype of sarcomatoid carcinoma. The mechanism of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurring after CRT was detected in the tumour. Because he had undergone CRT for laryngeal cancer, surgery was not indicated, and we started radiation therapy. Sarcomatoid carcinomas including pleomorphic carcinoma of the trachea are extremely rare, with few reported cases, and EMT is associated with this histological type and CRT.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Miraculous Healers or Dormant Killers?

Ghaderi

Abtahi

2018

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of fibroblast-like cells which maintain self-renewability and pluripotency to differentiate into mesodermal cell lineages. The use of MSCs in clinical settings began with high enthusiasm and the number of MSC-based clinical trials has been rising ever since. However; the very unique characteristics of MSCs that made them suitable to for therapeutic use, might give rise to unwanted outcomes, including tumor formation and progression. In this paper, we present a model of carcinogenesis initiated by MSCs, which chains together the tissue organization field theory, the stem cell theory, and the inflammation-cancer chain. We believe that some tissue resident stem cells could be leaked cells from bone marrow MSC pool to various injured tissue, which consequently transform and integrate in the host tissue. If the injury persists or chronic inflammation develops, as a consequence of recurring exposure to growth factors, cytokines, etc. the newly formed tissue from MSCs, which still has conserved their mesenchymal and stemness features, go through rapid population expansion, and nullify their tumor suppressor genes, and hence give rise to neoplastic cell (carcinomas, sarcomas, and carcino-sarcomas). Considering the probability of this hypothesis being true, the clinical and therapeutic use of MSCs should be with caution, and the recipients' long term follow-up seems to be insightful.

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Sarcomatoid carcinoma in the trachea: A case report and literature review

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Spindle cell sarcomatoid tumour of the trachea: a rare primary malignant tumour

Spindle cell sarcomatoid tumour of the trachea: a rare primary malignant tumour

Pleomorphic carcinoma of the trachea after chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal cancer

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Miraculous Healers or Dormant Killers?

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