Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

The growing number of elderly and senile people in the total population remains one of the most important demographic problems of the modern society. The population aging entails an increase in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The paper presents a review of the current literature on sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in CKD patients. The search was performed in PubMed and e-LIBRARY databases among papers published between 1996 and 2021. The search was carried out using the keywords “sarcopenia”, “cognitive impairment”, “chronic kidney disease”, “population aging”, “glomerular filtration rate”. With increasing age, the prevalence of sarcopenia grows (60-70 years – 5-13 %; over 80 years old – from 11 to 50 %). Against the background of CKD progression, the incidence of sarcopenia increases by 45%. Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in patients with CKD are interrelated through common pathophysiological development mechanisms.