Sarcopenia and falls in patients with adult scoliosis

Aftzoglou, Petros

doi:10.22540/jfsf-02-083

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Furthermore, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal muscles tends to decrease with age; the fat infiltration rate also increases with age [50]. Hence, it is crucial for patients with lumbar scoliosis to have their spinal sarcopenia treated and alleviate muscle loss [51]. It has been reported that in patients with chronic low back pain, their CSA is smaller and their fat tissue increases [52].…”

Section: Progression and Characteristics Of Spinal Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Spinal Sarcopenia and Related Therapeutic Approaches: A Narrative Review

Kuo

Lin

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Spinal sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial disorder associated with a loss of strength, increased frailty, and increased risks of fractures and falls. In addition, spinal sarcopenia has been associated with lumbar spine disorders and osteoporosis, which renders making decisions on treatment modalities difficult. Patients with spinal sarcopenia typically exhibit lower cumulative survival, a higher risk of in-hospital complications, prolonged hospital stays, higher postoperative costs, and higher rates of blood transfusion after thoracolumbar spine surgery. Several studies have focused on the relationships between spinal sarcopenia, appendicular muscle mass, and bone-related problems—such as osteoporotic fractures and low bone mineral density—and malnutrition and vitamin D deficiency. Although several techniques are available for measuring sarcopenia, each of them has its advantages and shortcomings. For treating spinal sarcopenia, nutrition, physical therapy, and medication have been proven to be effective; regenerative therapeutic options seem to be promising owing to their repair and regeneration potential. Therefore, in this narrative review, we summarize the characteristics, detection methodologies, and treatment options for spinal sarcopenia, as well as its role in spinal disorders.

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Section: Progression and Characteristics Of Spinal Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Spinal Sarcopenia and Related Therapeutic Approaches: A Narrative Review

Kuo

Lin

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass associated with age that may cause imbalance and alteration on the supportive muscles of the spine, contributing to the progression of degenerative scoliosis in elderly patients. 6 7 Degenerative scoliosis is observed in 68% of adults aged over 60 years old, as the joints and disks of the spine begin to deteriorate. 7 Osteopenia, loss of bone density, is more frequently observed in women and contributes to the severity of the curvature of the spine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In later life, scoliosis can result from skeletal muscle diseases such as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass associated with age that may cause imbalance and alteration on the supportive muscles of the spine, contributing to the progression of degenerative scoliosis in elderly patients 6 7. Degenerative scoliosis is observed in 68% of adults aged over 60 years old, as the joints and disks of the spine begin to deteriorate 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of an increased lifetime risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in UK Biobank participants with scoliosis

et al. 2023

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BackgroundStructural changes caused by spinal curvature may impact the organs within the thoracic cage, including the heart. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with idiopathic scoliosis are often studied post-corrective surgery or secondary to diseases. To investigate cardiac structure, function and outcomes in participants with scoliosis, phenotype and imaging data of the UK Biobank (UKB) adult population cohort were analysed.MethodsHospital episode statistics of 502 324 adults were analysed to identify participants with scoliosis. Summary 2D cardiac phenotypes from 39 559 cardiac MRI (CMR) scans were analysed alongside a 3D surface-to-surface (S2S) analysis.ResultsA total of 4095 (0.8%, 1 in 120) UKB participants were identified to have all-cause scoliosis. These participants had an increased lifetime risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (HR=1.45, p<0.001), driven by heart failure (HR=1.58, p<0.001) and atrial fibrillation (HR=1.54, p<0.001). Increased radial and decreased longitudinal peak diastolic strain rates were identified in participants with scoliosis (+0.29, Padj<0.05; −0.25, Padj<0.05; respectively). Cardiac compression of the top and bottom of the heart and decompression of the sides was observed through S2S analysis. Additionally, associations between scoliosis and older age, female sex, heart failure, valve disease, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and decreased enrolment for CMR were identified.ConclusionThe spinal curvature observed in participants with scoliosis alters the movement of the heart. The association with increased MACE may have clinical implications for whether to undertake surgical correction. This work identifies, in an adult population, evidence for altered cardiac function and an increased lifetime risk of MACE in participants with scoliosis.

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“… 6 7 Besides the decrease in walking speed or grip strength due to sarcopenia, aging can disrupt the balance between the extensor and flexor muscles of the spine, consequently result in scoliosis or kyphosis. 8 9 Several adult studies have reported on an association between sarcopenia and scoliosis, and the degree of sarcopenia evaluated by DXA or multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer has been positively correlated with the degree of scoliosis. 10 11 Another previous study revealed a correlation between the sagittal vertical axis and muscle mass measured by MRI and the bioelectrical impedance analyzer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease of Muscle Mass in Young Patients With Neuromuscular Disease: Assessment of Sarcopenia

et al. 2023

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Background Sarcopenia can be associated with the disease etiologies other than degenerative processes, such as neurologic disease including cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele, or Duchenne muscular dystrophy, even in children. Although the relationship between neurologic disease and scoliosis or ambulatory function is known, the mediators affecting scoliosis or gait function in these patients are unclear, an example might be sarcopenia. This study aimed to assess the degree of sarcopenia in young patients with neurologic diseases using computed tomography (CT), and analyze the correlation between sarcopenia and scoliosis or ambulatory function. Methods Pediatric and young adult patients (≤ 25 years old) who underwent whole-spine or lower-extremity CT were retrospectively included. From bilateral psoas muscle areas (PMAs) at the L3 level, the psoas muscle z-score (PMz) and psoas muscle index [PMI = PMA/(L3 height) 2 ] were calculated. The t -test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results A total of 121 patients (56 men, mean age 12.2 ± 3.7 years) were included with 79 neurologic and 42 non-neurologic diseases. Patients with neurologic diseases had lower PMz ( P = 0.013) and PMI ( P = 0.026) than patients without. In neurologic disease patients, severe scoliosis patients showed lower PMz ( P < 0.001) and PMI ( P = 0.001). Non-ambulatory patients (n = 42) showed lower BMI (β = 0.727, P < 0.001) and PMz (β = 0.547, P = 0.025). In non-ambulatory patients, patients with severe scoliosis also showed lower PMz ( P < 0.001) and PMI ( P = 0.004). Conclusion Patients with neurologic diseases could have sarcopenia even in young age. Psoas muscle volume was also associated with ambulatory function in these patients. Sarcopenia was more severe in severe scoliosis patients in the non-ambulatory subgroup.

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Sarcopenia and falls in patients with adult scoliosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Spinal Sarcopenia and Related Therapeutic Approaches: A Narrative Review

Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Spinal Sarcopenia and Related Therapeutic Approaches: A Narrative Review

Identification of an increased lifetime risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in UK Biobank participants with scoliosis

Decrease of Muscle Mass in Young Patients With Neuromuscular Disease: Assessment of Sarcopenia

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