SARcopenia Assessment in Hypertension: The SARAH Study

Abstract

Objectives:The aims of the study were to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and renin-angiotensin system-related disorders and to explore the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on muscle mass/function and physical performance. Design: This multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed using ISarcoPRM algorithm for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Results: Of the 2613 participants (mean age = 61.0 ± 9.5 yrs), 1775 (67.9%) were hypertensive. All sarcopenia-related parameters (except chair stand test in males) were worse in hypertensive group than in normotensive group (all P < 0.05). When clinical/potential confounders were adjusted, hypertension was found to be an independent predictor of sarcopenia in males (odds ratio = 2.403 [95% confidence interval = 1.514-3.813]) and females (odds ratio = 1.906 [95% confidence interval = 1.328-2.734], both P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that all sarcopenia-related parameters (except grip strength and chair stand test in males) were independently/negatively related to hypertension (all P < 0.05). In females, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors users had higher grip strength and chair stand test performance values but had lower anterior thigh muscle thickness and gait speed values, as compared with those using angiotensin II receptor blockers (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Hypertension was associated with increased risk of sarcopenia at least 2 times. Among antihypertensives, while angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors had higher muscle function values, angiotensin II receptor blockers had higher muscle mass and physical performance values only in females.

Association of sarcopenia with rapid kidney function decline and chronic kidney disease in adults with normal kidney function

“…In addition, there was significant interaction between sarcopenia and hypertension, and the stratified analyses showed stronger associations between sarcopenia and primary outcome in individuals with hypertension. Previous study had found sarcopenia-related parameters (muscle mass/function and physical performance) were independently and negatively related to hypertension (34,35) . While hypertension was also with increased risk of sarcopenia.…”

“…While hypertension was also with increased risk of sarcopenia. In patient with anti-hypertensive drugs use, anti-hypertensive drugs use seems to be related to higher muscle mass and gait speed values, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors use is more likely to be related to higher muscle function only in female patients (35) . In light of these findings, it might be worth paying more attention to screen sarcopenia in hypertensive individuals.…”

Geriatric sarcopenia is associated with hypertension: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Studies have shown that a high dietary inflammatory diet cause an elevated risk of developing sarcopenia, 36 with higher levels of dietary inflammation amplifying this risk. Moreover, studies exploring the association between sarcopenia and conditions correlated with the renin‐angiotensin system have found that hypertension can negatively affect muscle mass, physical function and double the risk of sarcopenia 37 . In terms of dietary strategies aimed at hypertension prevention, Sanaz and coworkers 38 observed no substantial correlation between adherence to such diets and the likelihood of developing sarcopenia.…”

The Paradoxical Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia: The ParaDOS Study

“…Other than older age, and increased weight and duration of DM had positive and independent impact concerning the presence of sarcopenia. Recently, it has been shown that the presence of DM was negatively related with handgrip strength values [17]. Moreover, a longitudinal study has also reported that chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension and DM were associated with a rapid decline of handgrip strength [31].…”