Sarcopenia in chronic liver diseases: a translational overview

Barbero-Becerra, Varenka J.; López-Méndez, Iván; Romo‐Araiza, Alejandra; Visag-Castillo, Víctor; Chávez-Tapia, Norberto C.; Uribe, Misael; Juárez-Hernández, Eva

doi:10.1080/17474124.2020.1757427

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder caused by various factors such as systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and myokine and adiponectin dysregulation 10 . Patients with chronic liver disease are more affected by these factors since their energy metabolism and amino acid synthesis are weaker than those of healthy individuals 11 . In patients with cirrhosis, sarcopenia can increase sepsis mortality and risk of hepatic encephalopathy, and prolonged hospitalization following liver transplantation 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with low muscle mass have characteristic microbiome with low potential for amino acid synthesis in chronic liver disease

Yamamoto

Ishizu

Honda

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Sarcopenia is thought to be related to the microbiome, but not enough reports in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. In addition to the differences in microbiome, the role of the microbiome in the gut is also important to be clarified because it has recently been shown that the microbiome may produce branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the body. In this single-center study, sixty-nine CLD patients were divided by skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) into low (L-SMI: n = 25) and normal (N-SMI: n = 44). Microbiome was analyzed from stool samples based on V3-4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA). L-SMI had a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio than N-SMI. At the genus level, Coprobacillus, Catenibacterium and Clostridium were also lower while the Bacteroides was higher. Predictive functional profiling of the L-SMI group showed that genes related to nitrogen metabolism were enriched, but those related to amino acid metabolism, including BCAA biosynthesis, were lower. The genes related to 'LPS biosynthesis' was also higher. The microbiome of CLD patients with low muscle mass is characterized not only by high relative abundance of gram-negative bacteria with LPS, but also by the possibility of low potential for amino acid synthesis including BCAAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with low muscle mass have characteristic microbiome with low potential for amino acid synthesis in chronic liver disease

Yamamoto

Ishizu

Honda

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Furthermore, while the correlation between sarcopenia and low OS after HCC treatment is consistently observed in all studies reviewed, the effect of sarcopenia on other treatment outcomes, such as early and late HCC recurrence and the extrahepatic spread of tumor, remained under investigated. Finally, sarcopenia has been identified also in the early stages of liver disease and HCC can arise also in noncirrhotic livers [16,142]; however, the relationship between sarcopenia and HCC treatment outcomes has been evaluated only in cirrhotic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Negative Impact of Sarcopenia on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Outcomes

Cespiati,

Smith,

Lombardi

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major global health concern, characterized by evolving etiological patterns and a range of treatment options. Among various prognostic factors, sarcopenia, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, has emerged as a pivotal contributor to HCC outcomes. Focusing on liver transplantation, surgical resection, locoregional treatments, and systemic therapies, this review aims to analyze the impact of sarcopenia on HCC treatment outcomes, shedding light on an underexplored subject in the pursuit of more personalized management. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted by searching peer-reviewed articles on sarcopenia and treatment outcomes in patients with HCC from inception up to October 2023. Results: Sarcopenia was found to be prevalent among HCC patients, exhibiting different occurrence, possibly attributable to diverse diagnostic criteria. Notably, despite variations in studies utilizing skeletal muscle indices, sarcopenia independently correlated with lower overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) across surgical (both transplantation and resection), locoregional, and systemic therapies, including tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Moreover, a link between sarcopenia and increased rate and severity of adverse events, particularly in surgery and TKIs recipients, and larger tumor size at diagnosis was observed. While baseline sarcopenia negatively influenced treatment outcomes, alterations in muscle mass post-treatment emerged as primary determinants of reduced OS. Conclusions: Sarcopenia, either present before or after HCC treatment, negatively correlates with response to it, across all etiologies and therapeutic strategies. Although only a few studies have evaluated the impact of supervised physical activity training on muscle mass and OS after HCC treatment, it is crucial to evaluate the presence of sarcopenia before treatment initiation, to better stratify patients’ prognosis, thus performing a more tailored approach, and identify therapies able to restore muscle mass in HCC patients. Conversely, the impact of sarcopenia on HCC recurrence and extrahepatic spread remains inadequately explored.

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“…The prevalence of sarcopenia among COPD patients has been reported to range from 4.4 to 27.5% depending on the population studied [ 36 ]. Chronic liver disease (CLD) may aggravate muscle loss through specific mechanisms such as endotoxemia, inflammation alongside mitochondrial dysfunction, and denervation that leads to increased risk of decompensation and poor outcomes [ 37 ]. Sarcopenia in CLD is usually associated with complications such as malnutrition, inferior QOL, disability, additional metabolic complications, cardiopulmonary deficit, higher health care costs, and increased risk of death [ 38 ].…”

Section: Accelerated Sarcopenia In Chronic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in the prevention and management of sarcopenia - A special focus on Asian Indians

Bhattacharya¹,

Bhadra²,

Schols³

et al. 2022

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

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Sarcopenia in chronic liver diseases: a translational overview

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

Patients with low muscle mass have characteristic microbiome with low potential for amino acid synthesis in chronic liver disease

Patients with low muscle mass have characteristic microbiome with low potential for amino acid synthesis in chronic liver disease

The Negative Impact of Sarcopenia on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Outcomes

Nutrition in the prevention and management of sarcopenia - A special focus on Asian Indians

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