Sarcopenia, Obesity, Sarcopenic Obesity and Risk of Poor Nutritional Status in Polish Community-Dwelling Older People Aged 60 Years and Over

Murawiak, Marika; Krzymińska‐Siemaszko, Roma; Kaluźniak-Szymanowska, Aleksandra; Lewandowicz, Marta; Tobis, Sławomir; Wieczorowska‐Tobis, Katarzyna; Deskur-Śmielecka, Ewa

doi:10.3390/nu14142889

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In Australia, up to 50% of older adults (>65 years) are malnourished or at an increased risk of malnutrition [ 27 ]. A moderate-high risk of malnutrition has also been reported by other studies conducted in different countries [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The evidence suggests that those experiencing hip and knee pain are at an increased risk of sarcopenia (a form of malnutrition where the loss of muscle mass occurs) and falls [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: The Nutrition-related Health Of People Experiencing Painsupporting

confidence: 75%

The Importance of Nutrition as a Lifestyle Factor in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review

Elma

Brain

Dong

2022

JCM

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In everyday clinical practice, healthcare professionals often meet chronic pain patients with a poor nutritional status. A poor nutritional status such as malnutrition, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and a suboptimal dietary intake can play a significant role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of chronic pain. The relationship between nutrition and chronic pain is complex and may involve many underlying mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and glucose metabolism. As such, pain management requires a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach that includes nutrition. Nutrition is the top modifiable lifestyle factor for chronic non-communicable diseases including chronic pain. Optimizing one’s dietary intake and behavior needs to be considered in pain management. Thus, this narrative review reports and summarizes the existing evidence regarding (1) the nutrition-related health of people experiencing pain (2) the underlying potential mechanisms that explain the interaction between nutrition and chronic pain, and (3) the role of nutrition screening, assessment and evaluation for people experiencing pain and the scope of nutrition practice in pain management. Future directions in the nutrition and chronic pain field are also discussed.

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Section: The Nutrition-related Health Of People Experiencing Painsupporting

confidence: 75%

The Importance of Nutrition as a Lifestyle Factor in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review

Elma

Brain

Dong

2022

JCM

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“…1). Cochran's Q-test showed a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of severe sarcopenia between the three diagnostic instruments (X 2 (2) = 39.31; p < 0.01). Pairwise comparisons showed that the prevalence of severe sarcopenia was significantly higher when using SPPB than with GS (p < 0.01) and TUG (p < 0.01).…”

Section: Severe Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recent estimates suggest that the overall prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults can range from 10.0% [2] to 82.1% [3,4]. In addition, previous studies show that the prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in older women than in older men [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of sarcopenia in older women and level of agreement between the diagnostic instruments proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2)

Sutil

Parentoni

Teixeira

et al. 2023

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) proposed the use of different diagnostic tools to assess sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine prevalence rates of sarcopenia according to the diagnostic instruments proposed by EWGSOP2 and to assess their level of agreement in older Brazilian women. Methods A cross-sectional study with 161 community-dwelling older Brazilian women. Probable sarcopenia was assessed through Handgrip Strength (HGS) and the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5XSST). In addition to reduced strength, Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASM) (obtained by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and ASM/height² were considered for diagnosis confirmation. Sarcopenia severity was determined by reduced muscle strength and mass and poor functional performance assessed by Gait Speed (GS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and Timed Up and Go test (TUG). McNemar’s test and Cochran’s Q-test were used to compare sarcopenia prevalence. Cohen’s Kappa and Fleiss’s Kappa tests were used to assess the level of agreement. Results The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was significantly different (p < 0.05) when using HGS (12.8%) and 5XSST (40.6%). Regarding confirmed sarcopenia, the prevalence was lower when using ASM/height² than with ASM. Regarding severity, the use of SPPB resulted in a higher prevalence in relation to GS and TUG. Conclusion There were differences in the prevalence rates of sarcopenia and low agreement between the diagnostic instruments proposed by the EWGSOP2. The findings suggest that these issues must be considered in the discussion on the concept and assessment of sarcopenia, which could ultimately help to better identify patients with this disease in different populations.

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“…Previous studies found a global prevalence of SO of 11% (95% CI, 10%-13%) using various definitions, cutoffs, techniques, and population setting . Using the contemporaneous ESPEN/EASO definition, more recent studies have found a prevalence of SO ranging from 7.9% to 23% in clinical and 7.1% to 9.6% in community-dwelling settings …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity and Mortality Among Older People

Benz,

Pinel,

Guillet

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceSarcopenia and obesity are 2 global concerns associated with adverse health outcomes in older people. Evidence on the population-based prevalence of the combination of sarcopenia with obesity (sarcopenic obesity [SO]) and its association with mortality are still limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO and their association with all-cause mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis large-scale, population-based cohort study assessed participants from the Rotterdam Study from March 1, 2009, to June 1, 2014. Associations of sarcopenia and SO with all-cause mortality were studied using Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox proportional hazards regression, and accelerated failure time models fitted for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). Data analysis was performed from January 1 to April 1, 2023.ExposuresThe prevalence of sarcopenia and SO, measured based on handgrip strength and body composition (BC) (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) as recommended by current consensus criteria, with probable sarcopenia defined as having low handgrip strength and confirmed sarcopenia and SO defined as altered BC (high fat percentage and/or low appendicular skeletal muscle index) in addition to low handgrip strength.Main Outcome and MeasureThe primary outcome was all-cause mortality, collected using linked mortality data from general practitioners and the central municipal records, until October 2022.ResultsIn the total population of 5888 participants (mean [SD] age, 69.5 [9.1] years; mean [SD] BMI, 27.5 [4.3]; 3343 [56.8%] female), 653 (11.1%; 95% CI, 10.3%-11.9%) had probable sarcopenia and 127 (2.2%; 95% CI, 1.8%-2.6%) had confirmed sarcopenia. Sarcopenic obesity with 1 altered component of BC was present in 295 participants (5.0%; 95% CI, 4.4%-5.6%) and with 2 altered components in 44 participants (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.6%-1.0%). An increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed in participants with probable sarcopenia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.14-1.47) and confirmed sarcopenia (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.53-2.43). Participants with SO plus 1 altered component of BC (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.60-2.33]) or 2 altered components of BC (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.97-4.11) had a higher risk of mortality than those without SO. Similar results for SO were obtained for participants with a BMI of 27 or greater.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, sarcopenia and SO were found to be prevalent phenotypes in older people and were associated with all-cause mortality. Additional alterations of BC amplified this risk independently of age, sex, and BMI. The use of low muscle strength as a first step of both diagnoses may allow for early identification of individuals at risk for premature mortality.

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Sarcopenia, Obesity, Sarcopenic Obesity and Risk of Poor Nutritional Status in Polish Community-Dwelling Older People Aged 60 Years and Over

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

The Importance of Nutrition as a Lifestyle Factor in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review

The Importance of Nutrition as a Lifestyle Factor in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review

Prevalence of sarcopenia in older women and level of agreement between the diagnostic instruments proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2)

Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity and Mortality Among Older People

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