Sarcopenic Dysphagia Is Associated With Mortality in Institutionalized Older Adults

Campo-Rivera, Natalia; Ocampo-Chaparro, José Mauricio; Carvajal-Ortiz, Reynaldo; Reyes‐Ortiz, Carlos A.

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2022.06.016

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There is a significant correlation between decreased tongue strength and aspiration (41). Sarcopenia was observed in 45% of the elderly with concurrent dysphagia residing in nursing homes (35). Within geriatric outpatient clinics, 6.7% of patients over the age of 60 had dysphagia (38).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Dysphagia In An Aging Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive assessment and treatment strategies for dysphagia in the elderly population: Current status and prospects

Hu,

Ma,

Karako

et al. 2024

BST

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As the population ages, the prevalence of dysphagia among older adults is a growing concern. Agerelated declines in physiological function, coupled with neurological disorders and structural changes in the pharynx associated with aging, can result in weakened tongue propulsion, a prolonged reaction time of the submental muscles, delayed closure of the laryngeal vestibule, and delayed opening of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), increasing the risk of dysphagia. Dysphagia impacts the physical health of the elderly, leading to serious complications such as dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and even life-threatening conditions, and it also detrimentally affects their psychological and social well-being. There is a significant correlation between frailty, sarcopenia, and dysphagia in the elderly population. Therefore, older adults should be screened for dysphagia to identify both frailty and sarcopenia. A reasonable diagnostic approach for dysphagia involves screening, clinical assessment, and instrumental diagnosis. In terms of treatment, multidisciplinary collaboration, rehabilitation training, and the utilization of new technologies are essential. Future research will continue to concentrate on these areas to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia, with the ultimate aim of enhancing the quality of life of the elderly population.

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Section: Prevalence Of Dysphagia In An Aging Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive assessment and treatment strategies for dysphagia in the elderly population: Current status and prospects

Hu,

Ma,

Karako

et al. 2024

BST

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“…98,99 A study by Campo et al showed that sarcopenic dysphagia was associated with increased mortality rates among hospitalized older adults. 100 An international expert panel on dysphagia proposed that several patients with COVID-19 may have preexisting dysphagia. In older hospitalized patients with COVID-19, sarcopenia may also contribute to dysphagia symptoms.…”

Section: Swallowing Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and COVID-19 Outcomes

Wang¹,

Tan²,

Yan³

et al. 2023

CIA

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly and became a severe global public health threat. Older adults have a high risk of COVID-19 and its associated mortality. Sarcopenia has emerged as a predictor of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients, including lengthy hospital stays, mortality, intensive care unit admission, need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and poor rehabilitation outcomes. Chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, respiratory muscle dysfunction, and swallowing dysfunction may underlie the association between sarcopenia and the poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Interleukin 6 receptor blockers (tocilizumab or sarilumab) are recommended for treating patients with severe COVID-19, and their therapeutic effects on sarcopenia are of great interest. This review aimed to analyze the current reports on the association between sarcopenia and COVID-19 and provide an update on the contribution of sarcopenia to the severity and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 and its underlying mechanisms. We also aimed to explore the different screening tools for sarcopenia concurrent with COVID-19, and advocate for early diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia. Given that the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic may be long-term, further research into understanding the effects of sarcopenia in patients infected with the Omicron variant is necessary.

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“…From a nutritional standpoint, sarcopenic dysphagia is associated with poor improvement in swallowing function because they tend to be malnourished. On the other hand, swallowing function improves better with swallow muscle strengthening interventions in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia compared to patients without sarcopenic dysphagia [ 62 ]. From a physiological perspective, targeting the swallowing muscles directly seems effective in improving swallowing function because they do not suffer from damage caused by diseases such as stroke and neck cancer.…”

Section: Sarcopenic Dysphagiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malnutrition is associated with muscle weakness, wasting, physical frailty, and complications during hospitalization, and impedes improvement in ADL and increases mortality [ 61 , 63 ]. Mortality is 1.4 times higher among older people with sarcopenic dysphagia than among those without dysphagia in care facilities [ 62 ]. The risk of death is higher, especially when they are affected by weight loss and malnutrition [ 64 ].…”

Section: Sarcopenic Dysphagiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenic Dysphagia and Simplified Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process: An Update

Kakehi,

Isono,

Wakabayashi

et al. 2023

Ann Rehabil Med

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Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by weakness of swallowing-related muscles associated with whole-body sarcopenia. As the number of patients with sarcopenia increases with the aging of the world, the number of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia is also increasing. The prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia is high in the institutionalized older people and in patients hospitalized for pneumonia with dysphagia in acute care hospitals. Prevention, early detection and intervention of sarcopenic dysphagia with rehabilitation nutrition are essential. The diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia is based on skeletal and swallowing muscle strength and muscle mass. A reliable and validated diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia is used. Sarcopenic dysphagia is associated with malnutrition, which leads to mortality and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) decline. The rehabilitation nutrition approach improves swallowing function, nutrition status, and ADL. A combination of aggressive nutrition therapy to improve nutrition status, dysphagia rehabilitation, physical therapy, and other interventions can be effective for sarcopenic dysphagia. The rehabilitation nutrition care process is used to assess and problem solve the patient’s pathology, sarcopenia, and nutrition status. The simplified rehabilitation nutrition care process consists of a nutrition cycle and a rehabilitation cycle, each with five steps: assessment, diagnosis, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring. Nutrition professionals and teams implement the nutrition cycle. Rehabilitation professionals and teams implement the rehabilitation cycle. Both cycles should be done simultaneously. The nutrition diagnosis of undernutrition, overnutrition/obesity, sarcopenia, and goal setting of rehabilitation and body weight are implemented collaboratively.

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Sarcopenic Dysphagia Is Associated With Mortality in Institutionalized Older Adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Comprehensive assessment and treatment strategies for dysphagia in the elderly population: Current status and prospects

Comprehensive assessment and treatment strategies for dysphagia in the elderly population: Current status and prospects

Sarcopenia and COVID-19 Outcomes

Sarcopenic Dysphagia and Simplified Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process: An Update

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