Sarcoptic mange severity is associated with reduced genomic variation and evidence of selection in Yellowstone National Park wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>)

DeCandia, Alexandra L.; Schrom, Edward C; Brandell, Ellen E.; Stahler, Daniel R.; vonHoldt, Bridgett M.

doi:10.1111/eva.13127

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…We extracted DNA from whole blood following the Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit manufacturer protocol (Qiagen Inc.), quantified DNA using Quant-iT™ PicoGreen™ dsDNA assays or high-sensitivity Qubit™ fluorometry (Thermo Fisher Scientific), visualized extracts on 1% agarose gels to assess molecular weight, and standardized concentrations to 5 ng/μl. We then generated genomic data using a modified restriction site-associated DNA sequencing protocol designed by (Ali et al, 2016) and described in (DeCandia et al, 2021;vonHoldt et al, 2020). Briefly, we digested DNA with the restriction enzyme sbfI and ligated uniquely barcoded, biotinylated adaptors.…”

Section: Genomic Dna Extraction Rad Sequencing and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Social environment and genetics underlie body site‐specific microbiomes of Yellowstone National Park gray wolves (Canis lupus)

DeCandia

Cassidy

Stahler

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Section: Genomic Dna Extraction Rad Sequencing and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Social environment and genetics underlie body site‐specific microbiomes of Yellowstone National Park gray wolves (Canis lupus)

DeCandia

Cassidy

Stahler

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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“…In the present case, we highlighted the importance of antagonistic effects on the maintenance of innate immunogenetic diversity, which could not have been possible using a classical single gene‐single pathogen approach. Decreasing sequencing costs now offer new opportunities to examine multiple genes and diseases in a single study, leading to a more realistic view of the functioning of the immune system and of the ecological context in which it evolves (Becker et al, 2020; DeCandia et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen‐mediated selection favours the maintenance of innate immunity gene polymorphism in a widespread wild ungulate

Quéméré

Hessenauer

Galan

et al. 2021

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Toll‐like receptors (TLR) play a central role in recognition and host frontline defence against a wide range of pathogens. A number of recent studies have shown that TLR genes (Tlrs) often exhibit large polymorphism in natural populations. Yet, there is little knowledge on how this polymorphism is maintained and how it influences disease susceptibility in the wild. In previous work, we showed that some Tlrs exhibit similarly high levels of genetic diversity as genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and signatures of contemporary balancing selection in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), the most abundant cervid species in Europe. Here, we investigated the evolutionary mechanisms by which pathogen‐mediated selection could shape this innate immunity genetic diversity by examining the relationships between Tlr (Tlr2, Tlr4 and Tlr5) genotypes (heterozygosity status and presence of specific alleles) and infections with Toxoplasma and Chlamydia, two widespread intracellular pathogens known to cause reproductive failure in ungulates. We showed that Toxoplasma and Chlamydia exposures vary significantly across years and landscape features with few co‐infection events detected and that the two pathogens exert antagonistic selection on Tlr2 polymorphism. By contrast, we found limited support for Tlr heterozygote advantage. Our study confirmed the importance of looking beyond Mhc genes in wildlife immunogenetic studies. It also emphasized the necessity to consider multiple pathogen challenges and their spatiotemporal variation to improve our understanding of vertebrate defence evolution against pathogens.

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“…The mortality was also elevated (0.27–0.34) in mange-infected wolves in North America [ 1 ], mediated by pack size, because diseased wolves could obtain nutritional support from the pack’s predation [ 32 ]. Furthermore, individual wolves’ genomic variation was shown to be negatively correlated with sarcoptic mange severity [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is a general trend for higher parasite loads in males than females in many wildlife species, as assessed by prevalence and intensity of infection, evidence for differential mortality between sexes is scant [ 44 , 45 ]. Sex was not a significant determinant of sarcoptic mange severity in Yellowstone wolves [ 43 ]. The apparently elevated susceptibility of male Iberian wolves to sarcoptic mange could be due to immunological, hormonal, or behavioural sexual differences [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Molecular Survey of Sarcoptic Mange in Wildlife: Diagnostic Performance in Wolf Faecal Samples Evaluated by Multi-Event Capture–Recapture Models

et al. 2021

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Sarcoptic mange is globally enzootic, and non-invasive methods with high diagnostic specificity for its surveillance in wildlife are lacking. We describe the molecular detection of Sarcoptes scabiei in non-invasively collected faecal samples, targeting the 16S rDNA gene. We applied this method to 843 Iberian wolf Canis lupus signatus faecal samples collected in north-western Portugal (2006–2018). We further integrated this with serological data (61 samples from wolf and 20 from red fox Vulpes vulpes, 1997–2019) in multi-event capture–recapture models. The mean predicted prevalence by the molecular analysis of wolf faecal samples from 2006–2018 was 7.2% (CI95 5.0–9.4%; range: 2.6–11.7%), highest in 2009. The mean predicted seroprevalence in wolves was 24.5% (CI95 18.5–30.6%; range: 13.0–55.0%), peaking in 2006–2009. Multi-event capture–recapture models estimated 100% diagnostic specificity and moderate diagnostic sensitivity (30.0%, CI95 14.0–53.0%) for the molecular method. Mange-infected individually identified wolves showed a tendency for higher mortality versus uninfected wolves (ΔMortality 0.150, CI95 −0.165–0.458). Long-term serology data highlights the endemicity of sarcoptic mange in wild canids but uncovers multi-year epidemics. This study developed and evaluated a novel method for surveying sarcoptic mange in wildlife populations by the molecular detection of S. scabiei in faecal samples, which stands out for its high specificity and non-invasive character.

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Sarcoptic mange severity is associated with reduced genomic variation and evidence of selection in Yellowstone National Park wolves (Canis lupus)

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 17 publications

References 157 publications

Social environment and genetics underlie body site‐specific microbiomes of Yellowstone National Park gray wolves (Canis lupus)

Social environment and genetics underlie body site‐specific microbiomes of Yellowstone National Park gray wolves (Canis lupus)

Pathogen‐mediated selection favours the maintenance of innate immunity gene polymorphism in a widespread wild ungulate

Non-Invasive Molecular Survey of Sarcoptic Mange in Wildlife: Diagnostic Performance in Wolf Faecal Samples Evaluated by Multi-Event Capture–Recapture Models

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