SARS-CoV-2 antibody response duration and neutralization following natural infection

Dukes, Christopher W; Rossetti, Renata Ariza Marques; Hensel, Jonathan A.; Snedal, Sebastian; Cubitt, Christopher L.; Schell, Michael J.; Abrahamsen, Martha; Isaacs-Soriano, Kimberly; Kennedy, Kayoko; Mangual, Leslie N; Whiting, Junmin; Martinez-Brockhus, Veronica; Islam, Jessica Y.; Rathwell, Julie; Beatty, Matthew; Hall, Amy M; Abate-Daga, Daniel; Giuliano, Anna R.; Pilon‐Thomas, Shari

doi:10.1016/j.jcvp.2023.100158

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…We have previously described the full-length wild-type SPIKE protein ELISA used to assess immunogenicity by measuring seroconversion, the transition from seronegativity (the absence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2) to seropositivity (the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2) [ 2 , 19 ]. Total antibody GMTs were quantified using the human SARS-CoV-2 serology standard, courtesy of the National Institute of Health.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing Antibody Response following a Third Dose of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine among Cancer Patients

Dukes,

Potez,

Lancet

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Cancer patients are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection and have a decreased immune response to vaccination. We conducted a study measuring both the neutralizing and total antibodies in cancer patients following a third dose of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. Immune responses were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization assays. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to evaluate the association between patient characteristics and neutralization geometric mean titers (GMTs), and paired t-tests were used to compare the GMTs between different timepoints. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the correlation between total antibody and neutralization GMTs. Among 238 adults diagnosed with cancer, a third dose of mRNA-1273 resulted in a 37-fold increase in neutralization GMT 28 days post-vaccination and maintained a 14.6-fold increase at 6 months. Patients with solid tumors or lymphoid cancer had the highest and lowest neutralization GMTs, respectively, at both 28 days and 6 months post-dose 3. While total antibody GMTs in lymphoid patients continued to increase, other cancer types showed decreases in titers between 28 days and 6 months post-dose 3. A strong correlation (p < 0.001) was found between total antibody and neutralization GMTs. The third dose of mRNA-1273 was able to elicit a robust neutralizing antibody response in cancer patients, which remained for 6 months after administration. Lymphoid cancer patients can benefit most from this third dose, as it was shown to continue to increase total antibody GMTs 6 months after vaccination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%