SARS-CoV-2 exposure in wild white-tailed deer (
            <i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>
            )

Chandler, Jeffrey C.; Bevins, Sarah N.; Ellis, Jeremy W.; Linder, Timothy; Tell, Rachel; Jenkins-Moore, Melinda; Root, J. Jeffrey; Lenoch, Julianna B.; Robbe‐Austerman, Suelee; DeLiberto, Thomas J.; Gidlewski, Thomas; Torchetti, Mia Kim; Shriner, Susan A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2114828118

Cited by 252 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recently, white-tailed deer fawns were demonstrated to be susceptible to experimental SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 20 ]. Also, it was recently reported that sero-surveillance studies conducted in 2021 show that 40% of wild white-tailed deer tested across the midwestern US were positive for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies [ 21 ]. Although it is unclear at the time of writing if these results are caused by SARS-CoV-2 exposure or cross-reactivity of a yet unidentified closely related coronavirus infection in deer [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, it was recently reported that sero-surveillance studies conducted in 2021 show that 40% of wild white-tailed deer tested across the midwestern US were positive for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies [ 21 ]. Although it is unclear at the time of writing if these results are caused by SARS-CoV-2 exposure or cross-reactivity of a yet unidentified closely related coronavirus infection in deer [ 21 ]. Surprisingly, antibodies were detected in one sample as early as 2019, and several samples from January to March of 2020 in this serosurvey, but not in sera collected in years prior to 2019 [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is unclear at the time of writing if these results are caused by SARS-CoV-2 exposure or cross-reactivity of a yet unidentified closely related coronavirus infection in deer [ 21 ]. Surprisingly, antibodies were detected in one sample as early as 2019, and several samples from January to March of 2020 in this serosurvey, but not in sera collected in years prior to 2019 [ 21 ]. In the present study, we investigated the susceptibility of approximately 2-year-old, adult white-tailed deer to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential for direct transmission to naïve contact sentinel deer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent publication by Palmer and coworkers [ 20 ] describes the susceptibility of white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) fawns to the SARS-CoV-2 tiger isolate TGR/NY/20 [ 20 ]. Recent surveillance studies have also shown SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in wild white-tailed deer [ 21 ]. The work presented here expands upon the previous findings by describing SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant adult deer, as well as horizontal and vertical transmission of the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection and transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant in pregnant white-tailed deer

Cool

Gaudreault

Morozov

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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SARS-CoV-2 was first reported circulating in human populations in December 2019 and has since become a global pandemic. Recent history involving SARS-like coronavirus outbreaks have demonstrated the significant role of intermediate hosts in viral maintenance and transmission. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection and experimental infections of a wide variety of animal species has been demonstrated, and in silico and in vitro studies have indicated that deer are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. White-tailed deer (WTD) are amongst the most abundant and geographically widespread wild ruminant species in the US. Recently, WTD fawns were shown to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, we investigated the susceptibility and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in adult WTD. In addition, we examined the competition of two SARS-CoV-2 isolates, representatives of the ancestral lineage A and the alpha variant of concern (VOC) B.1.1.7 through co-infection of WTD. Next-generation sequencing was used to determine the presence and transmission of each strain in the co-infected and contact sentinel animals. Our results demonstrate that adult WTD are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and can transmit the virus through direct contact as well as vertically from doe to fetus. Additionally, we determined that the alpha VOC B.1.1.7 isolate of SARS-CoV-2 outcompetes the ancestral lineage A isolate in WTD, as demonstrated by the genome of the virus shed from nasal and oral cavities from principal infected and contact animals, and from the genome of virus present in tissues of principal infected deer, fetuses and contact animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Infection and transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant in pregnant white-tailed deer

Cool

Gaudreault

Morozov

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…Unlike our cat samples, the two seropositive deer could represent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 into the local deer population because these samples were collected post pandemic. Interestingly, a recent report showed that 33% of white-tailed deer from 4 states (Illinois, Michigan, New York, and Pennsylvania) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies [68]. Seropositive animals were only observed from 2019 onward, with pre-pandemic deer testing negative on their SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Cross Reactivity of Feline and White-tailed Deer Antibodies Against the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain

Hancock

Hickman

Kazerooni

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In late 2019, a novel coronavirus began circulating within humans in central China. It was designated SARS-CoV-2 because of its genetic similarities to the 2003 SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Now that SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide, there is a risk of it establishing new animal reservoirs and recombination with native circulating coronaviruses. To screen local animal populations in the United States for exposure to SARS-like coronaviruses, we developed a serological assay using the receptor binding domain (RBD) from SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2's RBD differs from common human and animal coronaviruses allowing us to identify animals previously infected with SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. Using an indirect ELISA for SARS-CoV-2's RBD, we screened serum from wild and domestic animals for the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2's RBD. Surprisingly pre-pandemic feline serum samples submitted to the University of Tennessee Veterinary Hospital were ~70% positive for anti-SARS RBD antibodies. This was independent of prior infection with a feline coronavirus (FCoV), eliminating the possibility of FCoV cross-reactivity. We also identified several white-tailed deer from South Carolina that were also positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. These results bring up an intriguing possibility of a circulating agent (likely a coronavirus) with enough similarity to the SARS RBD to generate cross-reactive antibodies. Finding seropositive cats and white-tailed deer prior to the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, further highlights our lack of information about circulating coronaviruses in other species.

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The World ChangedTHE COVID‐19 PANDEMIC

2022

To Catch a Virus

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SARS-CoV-2 exposure in wild white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus )

Cited by 252 publications

References 24 publications

Infection and transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant in pregnant white-tailed deer

Infection and transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant in pregnant white-tailed deer

Possible Cross Reactivity of Feline and White-tailed Deer Antibodies Against the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain

The World ChangedTHE COVID‐19 PANDEMIC

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