SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors

Yang, Yang; Xu, Gaosi

doi:10.1038/s41419-023-05922-w

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…COVID-19 vaccination recommendations were initially released from national and international Oncology scientific societies on theoretical grounds and based on consensus among peers [2]. Subsequent studies have shown that vaccination is safe and effective in protecting cancer patients from hospitalization and death deriving from COVID-19 infection [3][4][5]. In Italy, population studies conducted in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and Reggio Emilia province show that the risk of death of cancer patients who did not undergo anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is 2-3 fold higher than that of their vaccinated counterpart [6], in line with European data from the OnCovid registry study [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional survey evaluating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in patients with cancer: The VACCINATE study

Tregnago,

Avancini,

Belluomini

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted on cancer patients’ psychological well-being and clinical status. We assessed the levels of anxiety, depression, and distress and the attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients, accepting vaccination at the Verona University Hospital and Camposampiero Hospital in the Veneto region. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to patients undergoing COVID-19 vaccination between March and May 2021 (first and second dose). Twenty-seven items were investigated: i) demographics/clinical characteristics; ii) anxiety, depression, and distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS—and Distress Thermometer—DT); iii) four specific items regarding awareness about infection risks, interference with anticancer treatments, and vaccine side effects. Sixty-two and 57% of the patients who accepted to be vaccinated responded to the survey in the two participating Hospitals, respectively. Mean age was 63 years (SD: 12 years; range 19–94 years), women were slightly more prevalent (57.6%), most participants were married (70%), and either worker or retired (60%). Borderline and clinical levels of anxiety were recorded in 14% and 10% of respondents; borderline and clinical levels of depression in 14% and 8%; and moderate and severe distress levels in 33% and 9%. Overall, there was high confidence that vaccination would reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19 (70%), which would make patients feel less worried about contracting the infection (60%). Fear that vaccine-related side effects would interfere with anticancer treatment and/or global health status was low (10% and 9% for items 3 and 4, respectively) and significantly associated with baseline levels of anxiety, depression, and distress at multivariate analysis. Results did not differ between the Verona and Camposampiero cohorts. During the COVID-19 vaccination campaign, adult cancer patients demonstrated high levels of confidence towards vaccination; baseline levels of anxiety, depression, and distress were the only significant predictors of reduced confidence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional survey evaluating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in patients with cancer: The VACCINATE study

Tregnago,

Avancini,

Belluomini

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…An increase in incidence of myocarditis and myositis post-ICB has been noted by others since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, 30 31 and it is possible similar cases with this unusual clinical presentation have been overlooked. Further, multiple case series describing other irAEs have been recently published as summarized in a recent review 32 and toxicity has been noted postvaccination as well as following natural infection. 33 Further, an overall increase in incidence of autoimmune diseases following the pandemic has been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute myositis and myocarditis on initiation of 6-weekly pembrolizumab post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Watson,

Ye,

Taylor

et al. 2024

J Immunother Cancer

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We describe three cases of critical acute myositis with myocarditis occurring within 22 days of each other at a single institution, all within 1 month of receiving the initial cycle of the anti-PD-1 drug pembrolizumab. Analysis of T cell receptor repertoires from peripheral blood and tissues revealed a high degree of clonal expansion and public clones between cases, with several T cell clones expanded within the skeletal muscle putatively recognizing viral epitopes. All patients had recently received a COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine prior to treatment and were positive for SARS-CoV2 Spike antibody. In conclusion, we report a series of unusually severe myositis and myocarditis following PD-1 blockade and the COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.

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“…Some previous reports suggest that host immune status and external factors such as COVID-19 vaccinations ( 7 ), corticosteroids ( 8 ), and antibiotics/probiotics ( 9 ) affect anti-cancer immune systems by stimulating or suppressing immune cells. It is well known that diet and lifestyle also affect immune status, these potentially influence the efficacy for ICI therapy ( 10 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeating late-phase pseudo-progression in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer treated with long-term nivolumab monotherapy; a case report

Ebisuda,

Furuya,

Inoue

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundImmune check point inhibitors (ICIs) are standard treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nearly a decade has passed since nivolumab was approved by the FDA for NSCLC patients. However, long-term outcomes and clinical features remain unclear for individual cases. Pseudo-progression is a well-known paradoxical radiological response pattern under ICI treatment which occurs when tumor index lesions regress after apparent initial progression. We herein report a unique case of NSCLC with repeating pseudo-progression in late phase treated with nivolumab monotherapy for 8.5 years.Case presentationA 56-year-old male diagnosed with Non-sq NSCLC clinical stage IVA, at the left upper lobe primary lesion. The primary lesion was PD-L1 negative with no oncogenic driver mutations. He had multiple pulmonary metastases and a left adrenal gland metastasis, and subsequently, received nivolumab as third-line therapy. After initiation of nivolumab, the lung lesion and adrenal metastasis shrank rapidly; however, the patient experienced three late-phase pseudo-progressions in the mediastinal lymph node (LN). This patient is still receiving nivolumab with no symptoms and PS 0. Acquired resistance should be judged carefully in patients with LN-only oligo-progression to avoid unnecessary local therapies and the misjudgment of treatment.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors

Cited by 7 publications

References 92 publications

Cross-sectional survey evaluating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in patients with cancer: The VACCINATE study

Cross-sectional survey evaluating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in patients with cancer: The VACCINATE study

Severe acute myositis and myocarditis on initiation of 6-weekly pembrolizumab post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Repeating late-phase pseudo-progression in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer treated with long-term nivolumab monotherapy; a case report

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