SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia: Results from a national population survey

Chimeddorj, Battogtokh; Mandakh, Undram; Le, Linh‐Vi; Bayartsogt, Batzorig; Deleg, Zolzaya; Enebish, Oyunsuren; Altanbayar, Oyunbaatar; Magvan, Battur; Gantumur, Anuujin; Byambaa, Otgonjargal; Enebish, Gerelmaa; Saindoo, Bat-Erdene; Davaadorj, Mandakhnaran; Amgalanbaatar, Avarzed; Enkhtugs, Khangai; Munkhbayar, Usukhbayar; Bayanjargal, Batkhuu; Badamsambuu, Tuyajargal; Dashtseren, Myagmartseren; Narmandakh, Zolmunkh; Togoo, Khongorzul; Boldbaatar, Enkh-Amar; Bat-Erdene, Ariunzaya; Mukhtar, Yerkyebulan; Shagdarsuren, Oyu-Erdene; Ganbat, Mandukhai; Batjargal, Ochbadrakh; Bavuusuren, Bayasgalantai; Batchuluun, Batzaya; Zulmunkh, Gereltsetseg; Byambatsogt, Ganbaatar; Khurelbaatar, Nyamdavaa; Dalkh, Tserendagva; Boldbaatar, Damdindorj; Tseren, Tuvshinjargal; Gantulga, Darambazar; Damdinbazar, Otgonbayar; Vanchin, Byambasuren; Subissi, Lorenzo; Bergeri, Isabel; Davaalkham, Dambadarjaa; Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn; Greif, Gregory; Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100317

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Design, sampling and recruitment for the initial survey round are previously described in detail. 4 The country was divided into strata consisting of the capital city (Ulaanbaatar) and four regions. Within each region two or three aimags (provinces) were selected with equal probability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 The first few domestic cases of COVID-19 were reported in November 2020. 4 Subsequently, the country used RT-PCR testing extensively—from 1000 to 4000 tests per case (as 7-day rolling average) in late-2020, gradually reducing test numbers to approximately 500 tests per case in March 2021. 1 These measures appeared successful in limiting transmission, with ∼1% population seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2, at the first national survey in late 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 These measures appeared successful in limiting transmission, with ∼1% population seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2, at the first national survey in late 2020. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Mongolia, 2020–2021: a longitudinal national study

Chimeddorj¹,

Bailie²,

Mandakh³

et al. 2023

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Mongolia, 2020–2021: a longitudinal national study

Chimeddorj¹,

Bailie²,

Mandakh³

et al. 2023

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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“…The city which sits in the Tuul River valley (surrounded by Khangai and Khentii mountain regions) is vulnerable to the meteorological phenomenon of thermal inversion, particularly during the cold season. Ulaanbaatar is susceptible to various respiratory diseases, due to its high population density, air pollution that is caused by fumes of car exhaust systems and coal burning heating devices and the repeated thermal inversions ( Chimeddorj et al, 2021 ). The first case of COVID-19 in Mongolia was documented in November 11/2020 in the city of Ulaanbaatar; by March 2021, the entire country was impacted, despite the four mandated lock downs and facial mask requirements ( Covid-19 Situation Report for Mongolia #62, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontline Mongolian Healthcare Professionals and Adverse Mental Health Conditions During the Peak of COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe relatively young and inexperienced healthcare professionals in Mongolia faced with an unprecedent service demand in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the small size of the healthcare workforce the Mongolian Health Ministry had no choice but to mandate continuous and long workhours from the healthcare workforce. Many of the healthcare professionals exhibited signs and symptoms of mental health disorders. This study aimed to discern the prevalence various mental health concerns, i.e., depression, anxiety and stress, insomnia, and to discern the factors that increased susceptibility to mental health disorders among frontline healthcare professionals providing healthcare services for COVID-19 patients in Mongolia.MethodsA Cross-sectional research design was implemented. We collected data from 965 healthcare professional, randomly selected from 18 government hospitals, in four regions of Mongolia. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress-21, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index instruments. We constructed the scale of Pandemic Response Symptoms (PaReSy) which captured stress, depression, and anxiety. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis statistical test and multinominal logistic regression analysis.ResultsPrevalence of depression (52.3%, CI 95%: 49.1–55.5%), anxiety (70.2%, CI 95%: 67.2–73.0%), and stress (35.8%, CI 95%: 32.7–38.9%) was documented among Mongolian healthcare professionals. Perception of self-efficacy reduced susceptibility to PaReSy either at mild/moderate (OR = 0.948, 95% CI = 0.911–0.988, P = 0.011) or severe/extremely severe level (OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.861–0.963, P = 0.001). Within each stratum of insomnia, the risk of experiencing PaReSy increased almost linearly both in the category of mild/moderate PaReSy and in the category of severe/extremely severe PaReSy.ConclusionImproving self-efficacy and sleeping quality can assist healthcare workers to manage depression, anxiety, and stress. Findings provide important evidence to implement measures and strategies to assist healthcare professionals in low- and middle-income countries to constructively address their mental health concerns and needs.

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“…The global and regional data on the seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged during 2020 from 1.4% to 26.0% in countries, such as the USA, 5 6 Spain, 7 France, 8 Pakistan, 9 India 10 and Mongolia. 11 The first case of COVID-19 was reported in the Bangladeshi population on 8 March 2020, and the first case in Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) in Cox’s Bazar district on 15 May 2020. 12 One study among Bangladeshi population between April and October 2020 13 estimated the national seroprevalence of IgG and IgM to be 30.4% and 39.7%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh 2020: a population-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the seroprevalence, the fraction of asymptomatic infections, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infections among the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs).DesignIt was a population-based two-stage cross-sectional study at the level of households.SettingThe study was conducted in December 2020 among household members of the FDMN population living in the 34 camps of Ukhia and Teknaf Upazila of Cox’s Bazar district in Bangladesh.ParticipantsAmong 860 697 FDMNs residing in 187 517 households, 3446 were recruited for the study. One individual aged 1 year or older was randomly selected from each targeted household.Primary and secondary outcome measuresBlood samples from respondents were tested for total antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 using Wantai ELISA kits, and later positive samples were validated by Kantaro kits.ResultsMore than half (55.3%) of the respondents were females, aged 23 median (IQR 14–35) years and more than half (58.4%) had no formal education. Overall, 2090 of 3446 study participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibody. The weighted and test adjusted seroprevalence (95% CI) was 48.3% (45.3% to 51.4%), which did not differ by the sexes. Children (aged 1–17 years) had a significantly lower seroprevalence 38.6% (95% CI 33.8% to 43.4%) compared with adults (58.1%, 95% CI 55.2% to 61.1%). Almost half (45.7%, 95% CI 41.9% to 49.5%) of seropositive individuals reported no relevant symptoms since March 2020. Antibody seroprevalence was higher in those with any comorbidity (57.8%, 95% CI 50.4% to 64.5%) than those without (47.2%, 95% CI 43.9% to 50.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of all subjects identified increasing age and education as risk factors for seropositivity. In children (≤17 years), only age was significantly associated with the infection.ConclusionsIn December 2020, about half of the FDMNs had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, including those who reported no history of symptoms. Periodic serosurveys are necessary to recommend appropriate public health measures to limit transmission.

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SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia: Results from a national population survey

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Mongolia, 2020–2021: a longitudinal national study

SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Mongolia, 2020–2021: a longitudinal national study

Frontline Mongolian Healthcare Professionals and Adverse Mental Health Conditions During the Peak of COVID-19 Pandemic

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh 2020: a population-based cross-sectional study

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