SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Clinical Samples from Critically Ill Patients

Huang, Yongbo; Chen, Sibei; Yang, Zifeng; Guan, Weijun; Liu, Dongdong; Lin, Zhihua; Zhang, Yu; Xu, Zhiheng; Liu, Xiaoqing; Li, Yimin

doi:10.1164/rccm.202003-0572le

Cited by 187 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Ninety‐two articles (of which four included pregnant patients) reported adult patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. Eleven articles included paediatric population, and four articles reported both adults and children infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 2,7,14‐118 . (Tables S1, S2 and S3) A total of 20 874 patients were included, of which 38 were pregnant patients, 395 were paediatric patients and the rest were adult patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review with meta‐analysis: liver manifestations and outcomes in COVID‐19

Kulkarni

Kumar

Tevethia

et al. 2020

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

222

310

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Summary Background The incidence of elevated liver chemistries and the presence of pre‐existing chronic liver disease (CLD) have been variably reported in COVID‐19. Aims To assess the prevalence of CLD, the incidence of elevated liver chemistries and the outcomes of patients with and without underlying CLD/elevated liver chemistries in COVID‐19. Methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases from 1 December 2019 to 24 April 2020 was done. We included studies reporting underlying CLD or elevated liver chemistries and patient outcomes in COVID‐19. Results 107 articles (n = 20 874 patients) were included for the systematic review. The pooled prevalence of underlying CLD was 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5‐5.1) among the 15 407 COVID‐19 patients. The pooled incidence of elevated liver chemistries in COVID‐19 was 23.1% (19.3‐27.3) at initial presentation. Additionally, 24.4% (13.5‐40) developed elevated liver chemistries during the illness. The pooled incidence of drug‐induced liver injury was 25.4% (14.2‐41.4). The pooled prevalence of CLD among 1587 severely infected patients was 3.9% (3%‐5.2%). The odds of developing severe COVID‐19 in CLD patients was 0.81 (0.31‐2.09; P = 0.67) compared to non‐CLD patients. COVID‐19 patients with elevated liver chemistries had increased risk of mortality (OR‐3.46 [2.42‐4.95, P < 0.001]) and severe disease (OR‐2.87 [95% CI, 2.29‐3.6, P < 0.001]) compared to patients without elevated liver chemistries. Conclusions Elevated liver chemistries are common at presentation and during COVID‐19. The severity of elevated liver chemistries correlates with the outcome of COVID‐19. The presence of CLD does not alter the outcome of COVID‐19. Further studies are needed to analyse the outcomes of compensated and decompensated liver disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 409 patients had underlying liver disease among the 50 articles which reported it 7,14,16,17,19,21,23,27,31‐34,36,38‐45,48,50‐52,57,63,65,67,68,70,71,75,77,80,83,85‐88,91,92,94‐101,113 . The pooled prevalence of underlying CLD was 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5‐5.1) among the 15 407 COVID‐19 patients (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: liver manifestations and outcomes in COVID‐19

Kulkarni

Kumar

Tevethia

et al. 2020

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

222

310

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“…Huang et al reported viral load comparisons in upper respiratory samples vs endotracheal aspirates in a cohort of 16 intubated COVID-19 patients and found that the latter has significantly higher viral RNA values compared to nasal and OPSs. 19 However, this method of respiratory sampling is not relevant in ambulatory screening scenarios but may have a role in COVID-19 screening of patients on mechanical ventilation in intensive care units and for serial monitoring of viral load of intubated confirmed cases.…”

Section: Tracheal Aspiratementioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory sampling for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: An Overview

See

Toh

2020

Head & Neck

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was declared a pandemic in March 2020. A plethora of respiratory sampling methods for SARS-CoV-2 viral detection has been used and in the current evolving situation, there is no international consensus on the recommended method of respiratory sampling for diagnosis. Otolaryngologists deal intimately with the upper respiratory tract and a clear understanding of the respiratory sampling methods is of paramount importance. This article aims to provide an overview of the various methods and their evidence till date.

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“…One of the main reasons for the observed surge in COVID-19 cases could be attributed to multiple modes of virus dissemination, including direct contact with infected person through respiratory droplets generated during coughing, sneezing, or talking, and indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or objects used by infected persons [6,7]. Analysis of 1070 specimens from multiple sites of 205 COVID-19-infected patients revealed the presence of viral load in urine, nasal, blood, sputum, and fecal samples [8]. Additionally, stability of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment also contributes to its spread [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Inactivation of Human Coronavirus by Titania Nanoparticle Coatings and UVC Radiation: Throwing Light on SARS-CoV-2

Khaiboullina

Uppal

Dhabarde

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The newly identified pathogenic human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, led to an atypical pneumonia-like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, nearly 23 million cases have been confirmed worldwide with the highest COVID-19 cases been confirmed in the United States. As there is no vaccine or any effective interventions, massive efforts to create a potential vaccine to combat COVID-19 is underway. In the meantime, safety precautions and effective disease control strategies appear to be vital for preventing the virus spread in the public places. Due to the longevity of the virus on smooth surfaces, photocatalytic properties of self-disinfecting/cleaning surfaces appear to be a promising tool to help guide disinfection policies to control infectious SAR-CoV-2 spread in high-traffic areas such as hospitals, grocery stores, airports, schools, and stadiums. Here, we explored the photocatalytic properties of nanosized TiO2 (TNPs) as induced by the UV radiation, towards virus deactivation. Our preliminary results using close genetic relative of SAR-CoV-2, HCoV-NL63, showed the virucidal efficacy of photoactive TNPs deposited on glass coverslips, as examined by quantitative RT-PCR and virus culture assays. Efforts to extrapolate the underlying concepts described in this study to SARS-CoV-2 are currently underway.

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SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Clinical Samples from Critically Ill Patients

Cited by 187 publications

References 7 publications

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: liver manifestations and outcomes in COVID‐19

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: liver manifestations and outcomes in COVID‐19

Respiratory sampling for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: An Overview

In Vitro Inactivation of Human Coronavirus by Titania Nanoparticle Coatings and UVC Radiation: Throwing Light on SARS-CoV-2

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