SARS-CoV Infection in a Restaurant from Palm Civet

Wang, Ming; Yan, Mei; Xu, Huifang; Liang, Weili; Kan, Biao; Zheng, Bo‐Jian; Chen, Honglin; Zheng, Han; Xu, Yun; Zhang, Enmin; Wang, Hongxia; Ye, Jingrong; Li, Guichang; Li, Machao; Cui, Zhigang; Liu, Yu Fei; Guo, Rong; Liu, Xiao ning; Zhan, Liu Hua; Zhou, Duan hua; Zhao, Ailan; Hai, Rong; Yu, Dongzhen; Guan, Yi; Xu, Jianguo

doi:10.3201/eid1112.041293

Cited by 318 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition, SARS-CoV contains eight encoded accessory genes interspersed amongst the viral structural genes [22,25,126], the most of the known CoVs. Interestingly, these accessory genes are present in SARS-CoVs isolated from bats, civet cats, raccoon dogs, and humans, suggesting important accessory functions in a variety of hosts [55,127,128]. Evidence confirms that these accessory proteins are indeed expressed during SARS-CoV infection, but for many, their functions are yet to be determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus Accessory Proteins in Virus Pathogenesis

McBride

Fielding

2012

Viruses

137

150

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A respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus, termed the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), was first reported in China in late 2002. The subsequent efficient human-to-human transmission of this virus eventually affected more than 30 countries worldwide, resulting in a mortality rate of ~10% of infected individuals. The spread of the virus was ultimately controlled by isolation of infected individuals and there has been no infections reported since April 2004. However, the natural reservoir of the virus was never identified and it is not known if this virus will re-emerge and, therefore, research on this virus continues. The SARS-CoV genome is about 30 kb in length and is predicted to contain 14 functional open reading frames (ORFs). The genome encodes for proteins that are homologous to known coronavirus proteins, such as the replicase proteins (ORFs 1a and 1b) and the four major structural proteins: nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), membrane (M) and envelope (E). SARS-CoV also encodes for eight unique proteins, called accessory proteins, with no known homologues. This review will summarize the current knowledge on SARS-CoV accessory proteins and will include: (i) expression and processing; (ii) the effects on cellular processes; and (iii) functional studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus Accessory Proteins in Virus Pathogenesis

McBride

Fielding

2012

Viruses

137

150

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“…A large number of infected patients developed severe complications, with 20% developing ARDS (42). However, reported SARS cases have ceased since 2004 as the spread of infection has subsided (43). More recently, the second novel coronavirus, MERS-CoV, led to the Middle East respiratory syndrome (44).…”

Section: Other Viruses Leading To Ardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Infection in the Development and Progression of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2016

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Viral infections are an important cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Numerous viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A (H1N1) virus, have been implicated in the progression of pneumonia to ARDS; yet the incidence of progression is unknown. Despite acute and chronic morbidity associated with respiratory viral infections, particularly in “at risk” populations, treatment options are limited. Thus, with few exceptions, care is symptomatic. In addition, mortality rates for viral-related ARDS have yet to be determined. This review outlines what is known about ARDS secondary to viral infections including the epidemiology, the pathophysiology, and diagnosis. In addition, emerging treatment options to prevent infection, and to decrease disease burden will be outlined. We focused on RSV and influenza A (H1N1) viral-induced ARDS, as these are the most common viruses leading to pediatric ARDS, and have specific prophylactic and definitive treatment options.

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“…SARS-CoV shares similar characteristics with MERS-CoV, including likely zoonotic origin and transmission (17)(18)(19)(20). Recent research on MERS-CoV has demonstrated plausibility for zoonotic transmission from dromedary camels to humans (21,22 seems less able than SARS-CoV to spread from personto-person (23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lack of Transmission among Close Contacts of Patient with Imported Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome into the United States, 2014

Breakwell¹,

Pringle²,

Chea³

et al. 2015

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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In May 2014, a traveler from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was the first person identified with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in the United States. To evaluate transmission risk, we determined the type, duration, and frequency of patient contact among health care personnel (HCP), household, and community contacts by using standard questionnaires and, for HCP, global positioning system (GPS) tracer tag logs. Respiratory and serum samples from all contacts were tested for MERS-CoV. Of 61 identified contacts, 56 were interviewed. HCP exposures occurred most frequently in the emergency department (69%) and among nurses (47%); some HCP had contact with respiratory secretions. Household and community contacts had brief contact (e.g., hugging). All laboratory test results were negative for MERS-CoV. This contact investigation found no secondary cases, despite case-patient contact by 61 persons, and provides useful information about MERS-CoV transmission risk. Compared with GPS tracer tag recordings, self-reported contact may not be as accurate.

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SARS-CoV Infection in a Restaurant from Palm Civet

Abstract: Contact with food animals was associated with SARS-CoV infection in the People’s Republic of China.

Cited by 318 publications

References 16 publications

The Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus Accessory Proteins in Virus Pathogenesis

The Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus Accessory Proteins in Virus Pathogenesis

Viral Infection in the Development and Progression of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Lack of Transmission among Close Contacts of Patient with Imported Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome into the United States, 2014

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