Satellite-based communications security: A survey of threats, solutions, and research challenges

Tedeschi, Pietro; Sciancalepore, Savio; Pietro, Roberto Di

doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2022.109246

Cited by 63 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Therefore, it is advisable to equip the attack-reconnaissance squadrons with satellite terminals. Satellite communication (SATCOM), due to its global reach, wide transmission band and easy and fast installation, may sometimes be the only medium in the operation that allows attack-reconnaissance squadrons to create teleinformatic networks, allowing for uninterrupted transmission of large amounts of information in a short time between troops in the field (Marczyk, 2013a, p. 92;Tedeschi et al, 2022;WZŁ, 2020b;Zhao et al, 2021, pp. 1-2).…”

Section: Us Army Attack Reconnaissance Squadrons Are the Size Of A Ba...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The attack-reconnaissance squadron as a new formula and a new quality of the attack helicopter squadron of the Polish Armed Forces

Lubiejewski¹

2023

Security and Defence Quarterly

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This paper takes a comprehensive look at the current state of army aviation attack helicopter squadrons of the Polish Armed Forces. The aim of the article is to present a concept for the functioning of the attack reconnaissance squadrons of the Polish Armed Forces, which takes into account the identified requirements of the Land Forces of the Polish Armed Forces in relation to army aviation on the battlefield and the current limitations in the functioning of the attack helicopter squadrons of the Polish Armed Forces. To meet this aim, qualitative research included interviewing, observation and the collection and qualitative analysis of texts and documents. The study revealed that it is necessary to organise attack-reconnaissance squadrons with a modular organisational structure including: a headquarters, a command company, three attack-reconnaissance companies, an aviation maintenance company and a supply company, capable of conducting autonomous operations in independent directions (areas). The squadrons should be equipped with new attack-reconnaissance helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles as well as equipment for their technical and logistical support that will be part of their individual subunits. The results of the research are the basis for further, in-depth research on the issue of improving the functioning of attack helicopter squadrons, so that they are fully capable of supporting the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces in large scale combat operations.

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Section: Us Army Attack Reconnaissance Squadrons Are the Size Of A Ba...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The attack-reconnaissance squadron as a new formula and a new quality of the attack helicopter squadron of the Polish Armed Forces

Lubiejewski¹

2023

Security and Defence Quarterly

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“…In the beginning phase, we will first introduce the parameters used in this article. The link or data sender reference (SA 11 ) and data receiver reference (RA 12 ) and transmission related parameters (CAt 13 ) and two EC parameters (a, b) as well as the converter point 'G' In the S-IOT network, there is an initial preparation stage. Key exchange parameters include PubSA public key of the sender (public key SA) and PubRA public key of the receiver (public key RA), also the private key is generated through SA and RA, and the shared encryption keys E.KeySA and E.KeyRA can be calculated as follows: 7-1-1 Calculating the public key by using the private key "s" and "r" and then multiplying the score at the primary generating point G, PubSA = s ¤ G and PubRA = r ¤ G (¤ multiplication of the score) are calculated 7.1.2 Public keys are mutually shared between the SA and the RA over the public channel, so that even if a third party has access to the public keys, it cannot predict the secret key values.…”

Section: -1 the Start Stage (Preparation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight secure message transfer protocol based on Ecc in Internet of Things equipped with satellite communications

Jezehei,

Olamaei,

Broumandnia

2023

Preprint

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With the expansion of Internet of Things (IOT) services and the use of satellite communications, according to the regional or continental extent of these services, the need for lightweight encryption has increased. In satellite communications, due to long distances, there are limitations in applying security, so heavy encryption algorithms such as RSA cannot be trusted for security. ECC elliptic curve cryptography provides a lighter alternative by invoking a mathematical problem called the ECDLP elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem that cannot be solved in sub exponential time. Here, we propose a new strategy for secure IOT data communication between a satellite link and a terrestrial link that uses the principles of ECC elliptic curve cryptography and the NIST P-256 standard for key agreement and encryption for transmitting messages over the satellite communication platform.

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“…Recent results [13] based on real measurements on terrestrial wireless links confirmed that the wireless channel significantly impacts the classification accuracy (up to 80%), thus con-firming the need for more effective classification techniques. It is worth noting that no prior contribution has been made up to date to the physical layer authentication of satellite transmitters (in particular, the IRIDIUM constellation), given their intrinsic challenges [14]. Indeed, LEO satellites, which IRIDIUM constellation is part of, are characterized by unique features: the satellite transmitter is at around 800 Km from the earth and moves at about 7 Km/s with a pass duration of about 8 minutes [8]-involving a radio link (quality) that significantly changes over the time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAST-AI: Physical-Layer Authentication of Satellite Transmitters via Deep Learning

Oligeri

Raponi

Sciancalepore

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur.

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Physical-layer security is regaining traction in the research community, due to the performance boost introduced by deep learning classification algorithms. This is particularly true for sender authentication in wireless communications via radio fingerprinting. However, previous research mainly focused on terrestrial wireless devices while, to the best of our knowledge, none of the previous work considered satellite transmitters. The satellite scenario is generally challenging because, among others, satellite radio transducers feature non-standard electronics (usually aged and specifically designed for harsh conditions). Moreover, the fingerprinting task is specifically difficult for Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites (like the ones we focus in this paper) since they feature a low bit-rate and orbit at about 800 Km from the Earth, at a speed of around 25, 000 Km/h, thus making the receiver experiencing a down-link with unique attenuation and fading characteristics. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness and main limitations of AI-based solutions to the physical-layer authentication of LEO satellites. Our study is performed on massive real data-more than 100M I-Q samplescollected from an extensive measurements campaign on the IRIDIUM LEO satellites constellation, lasting 589 hours. Our results show that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and autoencoders (if properly calibrated) can be successfully adopted to authenticate the satellite transducers, with an accuracy spanning between 0.8 and 1, depending on prior assumptions. However, the relatively high number of I-Q samples required by the proposed methodology, coupled with the low bandwidth of satellite link, might prevent the detection of the spoofing attack under certain configuration parameters.

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Satellite-based communications security: A survey of threats, solutions, and research challenges

Cited by 63 publications

References 122 publications

The attack-reconnaissance squadron as a new formula and a new quality of the attack helicopter squadron of the Polish Armed Forces

The attack-reconnaissance squadron as a new formula and a new quality of the attack helicopter squadron of the Polish Armed Forces

Lightweight secure message transfer protocol based on Ecc in Internet of Things equipped with satellite communications

PAST-AI: Physical-Layer Authentication of Satellite Transmitters via Deep Learning

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