Saturable Absorption in 2D Nanomaterials and Related Photonic Devices

Wang, Gaozhong; Baker‐Murray, Aidan A.; Blau, Werner J.

doi:10.1002/lpor.201800282

Cited by 143 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(268 reference statements)

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“…pulsed lasers (fiber, solid-state, disk, and waveguide) based on layered materials have been developed rapidly. [156][157][158][159][160] In this section, we will review the application of layered materials in these pulsed lasers and look forward to its future development trend.…”

Section: Versatile Pulsed Lasers Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, if the layered materials-based nonlinear optical devices are introduced into the fiber lasers, it will become a good platform for the study of nonlinear optical phenomenon. [157][158][159]424] Since 2010, versatile soliton pulses, including conventional soliton, dark solitons, dissipative soliton, and even rogue waves, have been observed in mode-locked fiber lasers based on layered materials such as graphene, [425][426][427][428][429][430][431][432][433][434][435][436][437][438][439][440] topological insulators, [441][442][443][444][445][446][447][448][449][450][451] TMDCs, [452][453][454][455][456][457][458][459][460]463] and BP. [461,462] For example, the researchers studied the dynamic of soliton pulses in graphene mode-locked fiber lasers and obtained the disordered multiple solitons and Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Nonlinear Optical Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These discoveries not only greatly enrich our understanding of layered materials, but also promote the study of nonlinear optics. [154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166]464]…”

Section: Nonlinear Optical Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

422

197

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In recent years, 2D layered materials, including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and metal‐organic frameworks, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and energy. Their rise in the field of nonlinear photonics began around 2009 and has become an important research direction. Here, the synthesis techniques, nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and device applications of layered materials are reviewed. In terms of nonlinear optical properties, the focus is on saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity. On this basis, their applications in various pulsed lasers, including fiber lasers, solid‐state lasers, waveguide lasers, and related nonlinear optical phenomenon, are summarized. In addition, novel optical devices using layered materials, such as optical modulators, optical polarizers, optical switchers, and even all‐optical device, are also involved. It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.

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Section: Versatile Pulsed Lasers Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Optical Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

422

197

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“…The intriguing light–matter interactions in 2D materials have become the spotlights of modern optics due to the widespread applications in photonics, photovoltaics, and optoelectronics . One of the main factors that hinders the development of photonics and optoelectronics is the lack of materials with broad‐band optical response and strong light–matter interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broad‐band optical response of 2D nanomaterial is related to the unique band structure and electronic properties . Graphene exhibits a wide‐spectral photonic response from ultraviolet to the radio‐wave regimes owing to its gapless and conical‐shape band structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional GeP‐Based Broad‐Band Optical Switches and Photodetectors

Nie

Wang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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photonics and optoelectronics is the lack of materials with broad-band optical response and strong light-matter interaction. Therefore, it is an urgent need and many efforts have been devoted to searching for this kind of novel materials. [2][3][4][5] The broad-band optical response of 2D nanomaterial is related to the unique band structure and electronic properties. [1] Graphene exhibits a wide-spectral photonic response from ultraviolet to the radio-wave regimes owing to its gapless and conical-shape band structure. However, lack of intrinsic bandgap makes graphene-based devices suffer from relatively small on/off ratio, large dark current, and poor photo response. The relative low absorption and high non-saturable loss of graphene in optical response limit its extensive applications. [6][7][8][9] Following graphene, the most studied 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) possess a bandgap ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 eV, indicating their practical optoelectronic applications are not available in midinfrared (MIR) wavelength range. [10,11] After graphene and TMDCs, black phosphorus (BP), the most thermodynamically stable allotrope of phosphorus, has been thoroughly studied as a novel 2D layered material since early 2014. [12] It has triggered significant interests in both scientific research and potential electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedicine applications because of its unique and exotic properties. [13][14][15] Layered BP has a direct bandgap with layer-dependent variation over ≈0.3-2.0 eV, which gives rise to broad-band optical properties from visible to MIR region. The intrinsic layer-dependent direct bandgap gives rise to high on/off ratio and low dark current for electronic devices and makes BP an appropriate 2D material for MIR photonic applications. Moreover, the bandgap of BP can be efficiently tuned by electrical gating, which should pave the way for optoelectronic devices. [16] BP presents puckered structure with in-plane anisotropy, which results in specific dichroic optical properties of light absorption and photoluminescence. [17] However, easy oxidation under ambient environment is the biggest obstacle that significantly impedes its practical applications. [14,[18][19][20][21][22] Therefore, how to improve the long-term stability of BP has become a challenge.Germanium phosphide (GeP), a typical 2D group IV-V semiconductor, has attracted significant attention due to the advantages of higher thermodynamic stability than black phosphorus (BP), widely tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and in-plane anisotropy. However, its photonic and optoelectronic properties have not been extensively explored so far. Herein, large size and high-quality GeP single bulk crystal is successfully grown by flux method and stripped into 2D nanosheets with liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and spin-coating methods. The broad-band photonic and optoelectronic properties of 2D GeP nanosheets are systematically investigated. First principles calculations are performed to verify its widely tunable bandgap from 0.43 eV f...

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