Saturated fatty acids enhance osteoclast survival

Oh, So-Ra; Sul, Ok-Joo; Kim, Youn-Young; Kim, Hye-Jin; Yu, Rina; Suh, Jae-Hee; Choi, Hye-Seon

doi:10.1194/jlr.m800626

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…SFAs may adversely affect bones through several mechanisms. Rodent studies indicate that SFAs increase bone resorption by elevating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the receptor activator of NF-κβ ligand [33]. SFA mediates osteoclastogenesis and may decrease osteoclast apoptosis [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High fat diet enriched with saturated, but not monounsaturated fatty acids adversely affects femur, and both diets increase calcium absorption in older female mice

et al. 2016

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Diet induced obesity has been shown to reduce bone mineral density (BMD) and Ca absorption. However, previous experiments have not examined the effect of high fat diet (HFD) in the absence of obesity or addressed the type of dietary fatty acids. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of different types of high fat feeding, without obesity, on fractional calcium absorption (FCA) and bone health. It was hypothesized that dietary fat would increase FCA and reduce BMD. Mature 8-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were fed one of three diets: a HFD (45% fat) enriched either with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or with saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and a normal fat diet (NFD; 10% fat). Food consumption was controlled to achieve a similar body weight gain in all groups. After 8wk, total body bone mineral content and BMD as well as femur total and cortical volumetric BMD were lower in SFA compared with NFD groups (P < 0.05). In contrast, femoral trabecular bone was not affected by the SFAs, whereas MUFAs increased trabecular volume fraction and thickness. The rise over time in FCA was greater in mice fed HFD than NFD and final FCA was higher with HFD (P < 0.05). Intestinal calbindin-D9k gene and hepatic cytochrome P450 2r1 protein levels were higher with the MUFA than the NFD diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HFDs elevated FCA overtime; however, an adverse effect of HFD on bone was only observed in the SFA group, while MUFAs show neutral or beneficial effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High fat diet enriched with saturated, but not monounsaturated fatty acids adversely affects femur, and both diets increase calcium absorption in older female mice

et al. 2016

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“…The mechanisms that may interrupt bone metabolism due to high SFA intake have been examined in animal studies. For example, SFA prevents osteoblastogenic bone formation [157,158]. Also, a high fat diet rich in SFA also impairs lipid metabolism that may indirectly prevent osteoclast senescence and apoptosis [158–160].…”

Section: Dietary Energy and Fat On Bone In Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, SFA prevents osteoblastogenic bone formation [157,158]. Also, a high fat diet rich in SFA also impairs lipid metabolism that may indirectly prevent osteoclast senescence and apoptosis [158–160]. Moreover, SFA mediates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption possibly by increasing cellular oxidative stress [160,161] and the activity of inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, IL-6, TNFα) [162,163], all of which would have a negative effect on bone.…”

Section: Dietary Energy and Fat On Bone In Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity is a concern for bone health with aging

2017

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Accumulating evidence supports a complex relationship between adiposity and osteoporosis in overweight/obese individuals, with local interactions and endocrine regulation by adipose tissue on bone metabolism and fracture risk in elderly populations. This review was conducted to summarize existing evidence to test the hypothesis that obesity is a risk factor for bone health in aging individuals. Mechanisms by which obesity adversely affects bone health are believed to be multiple, such as an alteration of bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocannabinoid system, that affect bone cell metabolism are discussed. In addition, evidence on the effect of fat mass and distribution on bone mass and quality is reviewed together with findings relating energy and fat intake with bone health. In summary, studies indicate that the positive effects of body weight on bone mineral density cannot counteract the detrimental effects of obesity on bone quality. However, the exact mechanism underlying bone deterioration in the obese is not clear yet and further research is required to elucidate the effect of adipose depots on bone and fracture risk in the obese population.

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“…Parallel to an increase in fat content, bone acquisition is reduced during growth, and the osteoblast numbers and bone mass decrease [1, 43, 46]. Adipocyte-derived fatty acids accelerate osteoclast differentiation and prolong osteoclast survival [47], while inhibiting differentiation of MSCs to osteoblasts [48]. This is in line with observations from mouse models of aging, where increased adiposity and associated enhancement of PPARγ2 expression, as well as reduced Cbfa1 levels, correlate with decreased bone mass [49, 50].…”

Section: Bone-fat Relationship: Impact Of Marrow Adiposity On Bone mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow fat: linking adipocyte-induced inflammation with skeletal metastases

Hardaway

Herroon

Rajagurubandara

et al. 2014

Cancer Metastasis Rev

115

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Adipocytes are important but underappreciated components of bone marrow microenvironment, and their numbers greatly increase with age, obesity, and associated metabolic pathologies. Age and obesity are also significant risk factors for development of metastatic prostate cancer. Adipocytes are metabolically active cells that secrete adipokines, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators; influence behavior and function of neighboring cells; and have a potential to disturb local milleu and dysregulate normal bone homeostasis. Increased marrow adiposity has been linked to bone marrow inflammation and osteoporosis of the bone, but its effects on growth and progression of prostate tumors that have metastasized to the skeleton are currently not known. This review focuses on fat-bone relationship in a context of normal bone homeostasis and metastatic tumor growth in bone. We discuss effects of marrow fat cells on bone metabolism, hematopoiesis, and inflammation. Special attention is given to CCL2- and COX-2-driven pathways and their potential as therapeutic targets for bone metastatic disease.

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Saturated fatty acids enhance osteoclast survival

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

High fat diet enriched with saturated, but not monounsaturated fatty acids adversely affects femur, and both diets increase calcium absorption in older female mice

High fat diet enriched with saturated, but not monounsaturated fatty acids adversely affects femur, and both diets increase calcium absorption in older female mice

Obesity is a concern for bone health with aging

Bone marrow fat: linking adipocyte-induced inflammation with skeletal metastases

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