Saturated high-fat feeding independent of obesity alters hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function but not anxiety-like behaviour

Hryhorczuk, Cécile; Décarie-Spain, Léa; Sharma, Sandeep; Daneault, Caroline; Rosiers, Christine Des; Alquier, Thierry; Fulton, Stephanie

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.002

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Despite the animals in groups P and especially those in group G showing less weight gain after 72 or 182 days treatment, the behavior in EPM was similar to animals in groups C, GL and L. These data match those in the literature when animals were treated with a diet rich in sucrose [5,6], rich in protein [20] and rich in lipids [7,9,10,16] and also showed no change when tested in the EPM. However, the diet rich in lipids had an anxiolytic [13] and anxiogenic effect [11,12,14,15,17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The assessment of anxiety in animals treated with obesogenic diets (rich in carbohydrates [5,6], lipids [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and carbohydrates and lipids [18,19]) is controversial. For some authors, the diet did not change the behavior in the EPM [5][6][7]9,10,16,20], for others it increased [8,11,12,14,15,[17][18][19] or reduced anxiety [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats

Riul

Almeida

2020

Rev. Nutr.

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Objective To evaluate the effects of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid) in the diet of young adult (72 days) and adult (182 days) Wistar rats treated ad libitum and with 30% restriction from birth on anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Methods We used 238 rats treated from birth, composing the groups: Control, Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Carbohydrate and Lipid, Control Restriction, Protein Restriction, Carbohydrate Restriction, Lipid Restriction and Carbohydrate and Lipid Restriction. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, followed by the Newman-Keuls Test (p<0.05). Results Among the animals treated ad libitum, the Control, Carbohydrate plus Lipid and Lipid gained more weight than the Carbohydrate and Protein; ad libitum animals gained more weight than those on restriction; among the restrictions, Carbohydrate Restriction rats were the ones that gained less weight. Diet-restricted animals exhibited reduced first-entry latency, greater percentage of entries and time spent, frequency of open arm extremity visits, head dipping (protected and unprotected), and length of stay in the central area of the elevated plus-maze. The animals with 182 days presented greater latency for first entry, reduced frequency of false entries and visits to the ends of the open arms and protected head dipping. Conclusion Food restricted animals, regardless of the macronutrient present in the diet, were less anxious and/or increased their impulsivity and those at 182 days were more anxious and/or with reduced impulsivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats

Riul

Almeida

2020

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Recent work showed that, in the absence of weight gain, rats fed monounsaturated or saturated fats exhibited altered transcription profiles of stress-related genes, including corticotropin releasing hormone (Crh) and its associated receptor CRH receptor 1 (Crhr1), in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus as well as amygdalar nuclei. 194 PVN Crh transcription levels positively correlate with susceptibility to social stress. 222 Together, these findings suggest a mechanism for persistent changes in gene expression of multiple brain circuits following a HFD.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Persistent Effects Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Persistent effects of obesity: a neuroplasticity hypothesis

Matikainen‐Ankney

Kravitz

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The obesity epidemic is a leading cause of health problems in the United States, increasing the risk of cardiovascular, endocrine, and psychiatric diseases. Although many people lose weight through changes in diet and lifestyle, keeping the weight off remains a challenge. Here, we discuss a hypothesis that seeks to explain why obesity is so persistent. There is a great degree of overlap in the circuits implicated in substance use disorder and obesity, and neural plasticity of these circuits in response to drugs of abuse is well documented. We hypothesize that obesity is also associated with neural plasticity in these circuits, and this may underlie persistent changes in behavior, energy balance, and body weight. Here, we discuss how obesity-associated reductions in motivation and physical activity may be rooted in neurophysiological alterations in these circuits. Such plasticity may alter how humans and animals use, expend, and store energy, even after weight loss.

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“…Hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance in turn may cause disturbances in lipid metabolism causing reduction in FFAs oxidation and increasing the levels of triglycerides (TGs) [5]. However, makeover of leptin sensitivity has been suggested to be helpful in ameliorating the disturbances in lipid profile and associated conditions like DM [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperidin improves insulin resistance via down-regulation of inflammatory responses: Biochemical analysis and in silico validation

et al. 2020

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Leptin resistance and co-existing insulin resistance is considered as hallmark of dietinduced obesity. Here, we investigated therapeutic potential of hesperidin to improve leptin and insulin resistance using high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese experimental animal model. We also performed in silico studies to validate therapeutic effectiveness of hesperidin by performing protein-ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies. Group 1 was identified as control group receiving vehicle only. Group 2 was marked as non-treated group receiving 60% HFD. While, other groups were treated daily with orlistat (120 mg/kg/d), hesperidin (55 mg/kg/d), combination of hesperidin (55 mg/kg/d) + orlistat (120 mg/kg/d). Hesperidin alone (P<0.001) and particularly in combination with orlistat (P<0.001), resulted in controlling the levels of HFD-altered biomarkers including random and fasting state of glycemia, leptin and insulin resistance. Similarly, hesperidin also improved the serum and tissue levels of leptin, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha more significantly (P<0.05) when compared with that of orlistat. These results were found to be in accordance with the results of histopathological examination of pancreas, liver and adipose tissues. In-silico studies also proved that hesperidin binds to leptin receptor with higher affinity as compared to that of orlistat and induces the favorable variations in geometrical conformation of leptin receptor to promote its association with leptin which may lead to the cascades of reactions culminating the lipolysis of fats that may ultimately lead to cure obesity. The results of this study may be a significant expectation among the forthcoming treatment strategies for leptin and insulin resistance.

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Saturated high-fat feeding independent of obesity alters hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function but not anxiety-like behaviour

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats

Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats

Persistent effects of obesity: a neuroplasticity hypothesis

Hesperidin improves insulin resistance via down-regulation of inflammatory responses: Biochemical analysis and in silico validation

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