Saving PTSD from itself in DSM-V

Spitzer, Robert L.; First, Michael B.; Wakefield, Jerome C.

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.09.006

Cited by 291 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

290

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Dysphoric arousal symptoms are not unique to PTSD, but are included in disorders like generalized anxiety disorder or major depression (Elhai et al, 2011). As suggested by some researchers (Spitzer, First, & Wakefield, 2007), dysphoric arousal should be excluded from PTSD diagnostic criteria because these symptoms are not core symptoms specific to PTSD. In the forthcoming International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), dysphoric arousal symptoms are excluded from diagnosis of PTSD to reduce comorbidity (Shalev, Liberzon, & Marmar, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and health-related quality of life among Chinese earthquake survivors

Wang

Cao

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been well-documented that posttraumatic stress symptoms cause impairments in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Until now we have little data on how DSM-5 PTSD symptom dimensions relate to different aspects of HRQoL. Clarifying this question would be informative to improve the quality of life of PTSD patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dimensions of a well-supported seven-factor model of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms on physical and psychosocial HRQoL. A total of 1063 adult survivors of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake took part in this study nine years after the disaster. PTSD symptoms were measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). HRQoL was measured by the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36). The associations between PTSD symptom dimensions and HRQoL were examined using structural equation models. Dysphoric arousal symptoms were found to significantly relate to physical HRQoL. Other symptom dimensions were not associated with HRQoL. Our findings contribute to the relationship between DSM-5 PTSD and HRQoL, and carry implications for further clinical practice and research on trauma-exposed individuals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and health-related quality of life among Chinese earthquake survivors

Wang

Cao

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may mean exclusion from access to a diagnosis and subsequent treatment. It has been debated whether the criterion A1 event be excluded completely from the PTSD symptom criteria [21] or whether the definition of what constitutes a criterion A1 event be widened or narrowed [22][23][24]. From a developmental perspective, a different model of trauma has been suggested for youth with a study of a cohort of 18-19-year-olds finding that some adverse childhood experiences would not meet the threshold for criterion A1 events and the likelihood of experiencing multiple events challenging the validity of tying a diagnosis to the effects of one event [25].…”

Section: Ptsd In Intellectual Disabilities: Conceptual Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

Wigham

Emerson

2015

Curr Dev Disord Rep

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors (e.g. violence, poverty, sexual abuse) has been found to be high in intellectual disability populations. Notwithstanding resilience, for some people with intellectual disability, adverse life events and environmental stressors may lead to PTSD and may affect well-being in more diffuse but potentially still clinically impactful ways (e.g. challenging behaviour, obesity, substance misuse). Advances have occurred in the field of trauma in intellectual disability. More specifically, a small number of assessment measures have been developed for PTSD and a small number of studies evaluated treatment interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Awareness has also increased regarding the potential life course effects on mental health of exposure to environmental stressors. While these developments are promising, the field warrants more research and development. This paper considers recent developments in knowledge on the psychological effects of exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors in adults with intellectual disabilities.

show abstract

“…It also is not clear how thresholds for determining the presence or absence of criteria relate to levels of the syndrome of PTSD (e.g., which symptoms are most likely to be the ones observed among those above or below criteria thresholds?). Spitzer et al (2007) proposed examining how PTSD symptoms specifically relate to the diagnosis of PTSD and that diagnostic thresholds should be generated empirically. However, to date no attempts have been made to link the likelihood of observing individual DSM-IV symptoms to an overall level of PTSD severity.…”

Section: Factor Structure Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few diagnostic categories have generated as much controversy as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Spitzer, First, & Wakefield, 2007). Indeed, debate as to the exact diagnostic criteria and central assumptions of PTSD have led to several significant revisions since it was originally included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980), with the list of symptoms increasing from 12 to 17 in the DSM-III-R (APA, 1987) and the clustering of symptoms changing over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating symptom expression as a function of a posttraumatic stress disorder severity

Palm

Strong

MacPherson

2009

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about the relative severity or typical sequence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using data from the National Comorbidity Study -Replication , the current study used a logistic item response model to assess the degree to which DSM-IV symptoms combine to define a primary construct underlying PTSD, to identify which symptoms are associated with greater severity of PTSD, and to determine whether the symptoms and symptom patterns are influenced by gender. Results suggested that PTSD symptoms can be combined to assess a single dimension of PTSD severity, providing support for a continuum of symptom severity. However, several DSM-IV symptoms provided overlapping information, potentially reducing the effectiveness of these symptoms in describing a broad range of PTSD. More precise assessment of PTSD severity may help improve the descriptive value of PTSD measures relationship to continuous measures of treatment outcomes, and ultimately inform more effective treatments.

show abstract

Saving PTSD from itself in DSM-V

Cited by 291 publications

References 17 publications

DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and health-related quality of life among Chinese earthquake survivors

DSM-5 posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and health-related quality of life among Chinese earthquake survivors

Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

Evaluating symptom expression as a function of a posttraumatic stress disorder severity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About