Saving Travel Time as an Urban Planning Instrument. Case Study: Manizales, Colombia

2018

MAS

Self Cite

One of the great factors to define the consolidation of democracy in the countries is to measure the percentage of electoral participation. For this reason, reducing abstention in electoral processes by increasing participation is one of the great challenges for the different countries that seek to move to full democracy. In this sense, Colombia has had a historical abstention of over 50% (period 1978 -2018), which can be explained by various reasons such as the presence of the armed conflict or the remote location of some polling places. For this reason, this research seeks to analyze the location of the polling places in the urban area of Manizales and Villamaría, in order to quantify their accessibility through the pedestrian network and look at the population coverage, using the integral accessibility and the ordinary Kriging method as a predictive statistical geo method for the construction of the isochronous travel time curves.

Section: Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Accessibility to Polling Places and Electoral Abstention

Escobar¹,

Cardona²,

2018

MAS

Self Cite

“…In addition, the network must have various attributes such as length, speed of operation and travel time by arc. For Manizales, the transport network updated and validated, built and georeferenced in the ArcGis software, was obtained thanks to previous investigations where velocity data were also obtained thanks to global positioning devices (GPS) [22,31]. For the calculation of the length of the arcs, the "Calculate Geometry" tool of the ArcGis software was used, where the arc travel times were also calculated, relating the length and the speeds of each arc.…”

Section: Road Transport Network Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method used is ordinary Kriging with a linear semi-variogram as a structuring equation [26]. This model has been widely used as a predictor in transport models, becoming the most frequented geo-statistical model by various researchers in this subject [18,22,32].…”

Section: Geo Statistic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical coverage of the higher education offer and its relationship with social equity case study: Manizales university campus

Cardona¹,

Escobar²,

2018

ces

Self Cite

Higher education is essential for the economic and social development of a country, generating social mobility in the different regions, mitigating the inequality and inequity that exist in the countries. In this sense, Manizales has focused its vision of the city in strengthening and developing as the main university city of the country, promoting different policies of support in research and academic offerings among the 6 main universities of the city, benefiting the nearly 50 thousand registered students. Therefore, it is essential to measure the geographic coverage, through the comprehensive accessibility, that higher education has in general and that of each university in particular, in order to find the current panorama of the city and its relationship with the population and the different socioeconomic strata.

“…This theory considers that a graph (G) is composed of vertices (V) (called nodes in transport networks) and edges (E) (arcs in transport networks), where each edge is formed by a pair of vertices (Deo, 1974). This network was built for the construction of the PPMM of 2011 using tools of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and has been constantly updated for more recent research (Escobar, Montoya, & Moncada, 2018;Moncada et al, 2018;Montoya & Escobar, 2017;Perilla et al, 2018). Finally, in the current scenario and each proposed scenario, the travel times (tvi) must be calculated for each arc, taking into account the length (li) of each arc obtained by means of GIS tools and the speed (Vi), which It was computed thanks to global positioning systems (GPS), placed in different vehicles that crossed the road infrastructure network (Escobar & García, 2012).…”

Section: Validation Of the Road Infrastructure Network And Constructimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these projects, the various proposals made in the formulation of the MMP for a second road access to the municipality of Villamaría (Orange in Figure 1), since it is the only connection that is currently enabled, has constant congestion problems, that produce an increase in travel times affecting the multiple trips that for different reasons are made between the two municipalities that together form a conurbation of approximately 419 000 inhabitants for 2017 (DANE, 2010), which operates jointly (Mayoralty of Manizales , 2017b). The MMP proposes three tentative points for the new connection (see figure 2) although these are not evaluated by any known methodology, so in this investigation an evaluation of the second access to Villamaría will be made in the three proposed points (Two alternatives in the West and one in the North and one in the East in the municipality of Villamaría) through models of global average accessibility, which are transport supply models, which measure the benefit generated by new infrastructure works in the road network in terms of savings in the average travel time of the inhabitants (Moncada, Cardona, & Escobar, 2018). The global average accessibility is a model of transport offer that measures the connection between all the nodes of the road network by analyzing the minimum routes among them, obtaining the travel time matrix (Escobar & García, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Road Infrastructure Alternatives Through a Saving Gradient in Travel Times. Case Study: Second Connection Villamaría-Manizales, Colombia

Escobar¹,

Cardona²,

2018

MAS

Self Cite

In the last century, the migration of people from rural to urban areas of cities has generated a set of dynamics in different sectors such as social, economic, educational that have led cities to collaborate among them, generating a constant synergy in order to obtain a sustained development in multiple aspects. In this sense, Manizales as the capital of the department of Caldas in Colombia has generated a conurbation with the nearest neighboring municipality, Villamaría reaching a combined population of 419 943. Although this synergy has taken place for several decades, these municipalities only have a place of connection, because they are separated by a geographical barrier, the Chinchiná River. This connection has had clear connection problems, due to the high flow of vehicles that move between both municipalities, so it is essential to project a second connection, to further boost mobility among its inhabitants. For this reason, in this research four (4) alternatives of connection are proposed, according to the suggestions of the Manizales 2017 Mobility Master Plan, through the calculation of the global average accessibility and the quantification of the gradient of savings generated in the average times of trip, based on the current situation of both cities. The results show which is the alternative that benefits population the most in terms of travel time savings, although three of them generate considerable savings and only one is discarded because it benefits a smaller number of inhabitants in very low percentages of savings compared to the others. The evaluation of infrastructure alternatives through the gradient of savings in travel times is useful to determine the best options in the pre-feasibility phase of investment projects in the transport area.