Saxifragaceae of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: a contribution to a DELTA database for interactive identification and illustrated information retrieval

Aiken, S. G.; Dallwitz, M. J.; McJannet, Cheryl L.; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Consaul, Laurie L.

doi:10.1139/cjb-76-12-2020

Cited by 10 publications

(203 citation statements)

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“…Characters used in descriptions and keys of the S. nivalis complex (Simmons 1906;Polunin 1940;Porsild 1957;Löve 1983;Blondeau 1989aBlondeau , 1989bWebb 1993;Aiken et al 1998Aiken et al , 2000 were reduced to a set of 30 characters based on ease of observation or measurement on dried specimens as well as their taxonomic significance. Of these, 23 were selected for statistical analysis (Table 1).…”

Section: Morphological Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the S. nivalis complex is considered an environmental indicator (Aiken et al 1998(Aiken et al , 2000, the variability observed may be due to phenotypic plasticity and variation in environment. For instance, S. nivalis plants growing in harsher habitats are usually shorter and less robust (e.g., the very short plant shown in Figure 3) than those growing in more nourishing environments.…”

Section: Morphological Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon further examination of specimens from Alaska and neighboring regions, Hultén (1968) also recognized the two taxa at the species level. More recently Scoggan (1978) and Aiken et al (1998) treat the two taxa as varieties of S. nivalis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

Healy

Gillespie

2004

Can Field Nat

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The Saxifraga nivalis complex displays significant ecological, morphological and cytological variation. Most European studies suggest that the S. nivalis complex comprises two distinct species: Saxifraga nivalis sensu stricto and Saxifraga tenuis. However, the presence of intermediate morphotypes, inconsistencies in chromosomal counts and variability in morphological keys and descriptions have led to different taxonomic interpretations of the complex in North America. This study investigated the systematics of Canadian Arctic Island members of this complex from 157 specimens using 23 morphological characters. Principal component analysis of the morphological data revealed two adjacent clusters, corresponding to the two taxa and consistent with a close morphological similarity and the presence of hybrids. A preliminary restriction site analysis of five non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome, trnH-trnK, trnT-trnF, trnF-trnV, trnV-rbcL and rbcL-ORF106, was conducted using 21 restriction endonucleases. This analysis indicated a length difference between the trnT-trnF region of S. nivalis and that of S. tenuis, but no difference in restriction sites for any of the assayed regions. These results confirm that in the Canadian Arctic, the S. nivalis complex consists of two closely related, largely sympatric species, with notable morphological variability, and possible hybrids.

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Section: Morphological Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

Healy

Gillespie

2004

Can Field Nat

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“…The species' range ( Fig. 1) reaches as far north as Murchisonfjord, North-East Land, Spitsbergen Archipelago (8083'N; Aiken et al 1998) and is largely continuous throughout the arctic, but at its southern extent the high-elevation populations in Colorado are strongly disjunct from the central distribution (Packer 1963). Weber (2003) suggested that these disjunct elements may be late Tertiaryage relicts of a once prominent Oroboreal flora.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and morphological variation in the western North American range ofChrysosplenium tetrandrum(Saxifragaceae)

Levsen

Mort

2009

Botany

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The herbaceous perennial Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (Lund ex Malmgr.) Th. Fr. (Saxifragaceae) is a selfpollinating, circumpolar species with a broad latitudinal distribution and a disjunct North American range. The southernmost populations are isolated in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Montana, distantly separated from elements of the main range, which is largely coincident with known glacial refugia (e.g., Beringia) and recently deglaciated regions. We employed analyses of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and morphology to determine patterns of variation within the western North American range of C. tetrandrum and test hypotheses of glacial population history and reproductive strategy. Analyses revealed very low estimates of range-wide genetic differentiation (q II = 0.085) and diversity (HS = 0.077, HT = 0.084), which are similar to levels found in other arctic plant species and have been primarily attributed to recent population establishment. Low levels of genetic differentiation among populations of Alaska (q II = 0.072), British Columbia (q II = 0.088), and Washington (q II = 0.058) suggest recent bottleneck or range expansion events. Both the Colorado and Alaska regions showed strong differentiation from each of the other regions, suggesting long-term isolation. The non-association between morphological and genetic variation indicates the effects of phenotypic plasticity or sexual reproduction.Résumé : La plante herbacées pérenne Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (Lund ex Malmgr.) Th. Fr. (Saxifragaceae) constitue une espèce circumpolaire autofécondée ayant une large distribution latitudinale avec aires disjointes en Amérique du Nord. Les populations les plus méridionales sont isolées dans les Montagnes Rocheuses du Colorado et du Montana, séparées et éloignées des éléments de l'aire principale, lesquelles coïncident largement avec des refuges glaciaires (e.g. Beringia) et des régions récemment déglaciées. Les auteurs ont utilisé des analyses de répétitions de séquence inter-simples (ISSRs) et de la morphologie, pour déterminer les patrons de variations au sein de l'aire occidentale en Amérique du Nord du C. tetrandrum, et vérifier l'hypothèse sur l'historique des populations glaciaires et la stratégie de reproduction. Les analyses révèlent des valeurs estimées très faibles pour la variation génétique (q II = 0,085) et de la diversité (HS = 0,077; HT = 0,084) sur l'ensemble de l'aire, lesquelles sont similaires aux degrés retrouvés chez d'autres espèces de plantes arctiques et attribuées à l'établissement récent des populations. Les faibles degrés de différenciation génétique entre les populations de l'Alaska (q II = 0,072), de la Colombie Canadienne (q II = 0,088) et de Washington (q II = 0,058) suggèrent l'existence d'un goulot d'étranglement dans les événements d'expansion d'aire. Les deux régions du Colorado et de l'Alaska montrent une forte différenciation par rapport à chacune des autres régions, suggérant un isolement à long terme. L'inexistence d'association entre la variation génétique et morphol...

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“…Porsild (1964) and McJannet et al (1993) based the Baffin Island report of the species on a single collection made on Kekerten Island (Cumberland Sound) by James Taylor, who served on whaling vessels in the Davis Strait between 1856 and 1861 (Taylor 1862). Arguing that the east coast of Baffin Island has been relatively well collected and that this single collection was not enough to support its occurrence in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Aiken et al (1998) proposed to treat the species as an ''excluded taxon at this time.'' The original voucher could not be located in the Kew Herbarium, having been lost or mislaid (S. Landrein, K, pers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Micranthes stellaris (Saxifragaceae), new to Québec

Dignard¹

2006

Rhodora

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Saxifragaceae of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: a contribution to a DELTA database for interactive identification and illustrated information retrieval

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and morphological variation in the western North American range ofChrysosplenium tetrandrum(Saxifragaceae)

Micranthes stellaris (Saxifragaceae), new to Québec

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