Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Risk Factors in East Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study

Sara, Jarso; Haji, Yusuf; Gebretsadik, Achamyelesh

doi:10.1155/2018/7276938

Cited by 44 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Accordingly, those who had reported to slept with scabies case were three times more likely to develop scabies infestation than those not slept with scabies infested individual. This result is consistent with the study done in the east badewacho district, Ethiopia, showing that sleeping with scabies case is the risk factor for scabies infestation [19]. In addition, supported by systemic review study conducted on scabies in developing countries showing that overcrowding especially sleeping with scabies case is an important risk factor [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A total of 815 suspected scabies cases were identi ed from ve madrasahs of Sinana district, Bale zone, with an overall attack rate of 143 per 1000 population. This result is higher to the nding of the study conducted in the east badewacho which reported to be 110 per 1000 population and a study conducted in Dembiya district with the overall attack rate was 20 per 1000 population [19]. The higher attack rate observed in our study may be due to our study was an institution (school) based but both studies conducted in east badewacho and Dembiya were conducted at the community-based result in the high denominator.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

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Scabies outbreak investigation among madrasahs in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, May 2019

Badeso¹,

Ferede²,

Kalil³

2020

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Background: Scabies is neglected parasitic disease and major public health problem worldwide, particularly in resource-poor regions including Ethiopia. It has been estimated about 300 million cases reported yearly and causes more than 1.5 million Disability Adjusted Life Years for all age. The study conducted in Ethiopia, among ‘Yekolo-Temari’ revealed 22.5% scabies prevalence. On March 9, 2019, the Sinana district surveillance office reported a scabies outbreak in five madrasahs. We investigate to determine its magnitude, identify risk factors and provide intervention and recommendation.Methods: We conducted a (1:2) unmatched case-control study. The scabies case-patient was any student of madrasahs in Sinana district with signs and symptoms consistent with scabies (superficial burrows, intense itching especially at night, generalized rash and secondary infection) from March 11 to April 30, 2019. We reviewed the line list and conducted active case finding. Participants were recruited from all madrasahs (five) proportional to the number of students in each madrasah (56 cases-patients and 111 controls) and interviewed with structured questionnaires. We use OR, P-value and 95% CI to measure the strength of association in multivariable logistic regression. Result: We identified 815 (6 crusted) scabies cases-patients (100% male) with the attack rate 143 per 1000 population (815/5,689) and no death and the mean age was 14 years (range 8-28 years). Sharing bed with scabies case (AOR=3.9, [95% CI=1.5-10.3], travel history to scabies area (AOR=3.87, [95% CI=1.19-12.56], showering more than a week interval (AOR= 2.74, [95% CI=1.04-7.21] were statistically associated with illness.Conclusion: Sharing bed with scabies case, travel history to scabies area and showering more than a week interval was associated with a high frequency of scabies infestation. All patients and contacts treated, additionally, at two madrasahs mass drug administration conducted with permethrin, and cloxacillin for secondary infection. We recommend health education about the transmission, prevention and control of scabies disease to the students.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Scabies outbreak investigation among madrasahs in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, May 2019

Badeso¹,

Ferede²,

Kalil³

2020

Preprint

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“…Male children were more likely to be infected compared to female. This result was in line with studies done in northwestern Ethiopian and Cameroonian children (20) (21). The possible assumption could be female had more access to water than males and are able to maintain their personal hygiene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determinants of Scabies among Primary School Children in Habru District: a Case-Control Study

Reta

Derseh

Sahilu

2020

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Background: Human scabies is a parasitic infection caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Although affects all age groups; children are more vulnerable. In primary schools, scabies affects children's school regularity and performance. There is a gap of information on the determinants of scabies among primary school children in Ethiopia. The aim of the current study was to identify factors that determine scabies among primary school children in Habru district, North Wollo Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among primary school children. Three hundred (100 cases and 200 healthy controls) study participants were enrolled. Skin examination of scabies was done by trained health professionals. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 20 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to identify factors that determine the dependent variable and statistical significance was declared at P value less than 0.05. Results: Sex, age, family size, family history of scabies, sharing of clothes with an infected person, previous history of scabies and number of sleeping rooms were found to be independent determinants of scabies. Male were more likely to have scabies (AOR= 7.5; 95% CI: 3.2, 24.4). Younger children were more prone to scabies. Children between 10-12 years of age (AOR= 8; 95%CI: 2.7, 24.2) were found to be the most affected age group followed by 13-15 years of age (AOR= 7.7; 95%CI: 2.6, 23.1). Other factors like family size ≥5 (AOR= 3.4; 95% CI: 1.5, 7.7), family history of scabies (AOR= 9.8; 95% CI: 3.9, 24.4), were also independent factors of having scabies. Conclusion: Being male, younger age group, family history of scabies, having more than five family members, having a smaller number of rooms, children’s previous history of scabies, and sharing of clothes were determinants of scabies among primary school children. Thus, the district health and education offices and the school community should work together to equip students and their families with scabies prevention and control strategies. Keywords: Ethiopia; Family Characteristics; Scabies; Sarcoptes scabiei; Primary School

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“…The age-specific attack rate was 31% between 15-18 years. This finding is in line with a study conducted in the west of Iran 30.6% [24] and lower than a study conducted in East Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia, which is 75% [25] and higher than. This may be due to difference in a study population, meaning in our study most of the students engaged in the school were youth, however other studies were conducted in the whole community Frequent changing of cloth was associated with scabies infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Scabies outbreak investigation in Addet town, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

Alebachew

Mulatu

Worku³

2019

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Background Globally scabies was among the 50 most common infectious diseases, with a point prevalence 0.3%-46% and in terms of morbidity, at 1.5 million disability-adjusted life years. This study investigate and asses risk factors of scabies in Addet Medhanit Alem yekolo temarie in Yilmana Densa district Amhara, Ethiopia, 2017 Methods Unmatched Case-control study was employed. Fifety five cases from line lists reviewed as per the WHO case definition. Cases were epidemiological linked to previously epidemiological confirmed cases and 118 controls were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Data was entered EPI info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Adjusted Odds Ratios and with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to measure strength of association in multi-variable logistic regression Results The prevalence of scabies was 35%. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 16.4(2.785). Out of respondents 110 (63.6%) used river water for daily basis, 36(20.8%) changed their cloth frequently, 105(60.7%) washed their body frequently, 106(61.3%) had at least one scabies infected person in their house. The odds of scabies infection were 2.3 (AOR = 0.436, 95% CI: 0.205-0.929) times lower among frequent changing of cloth, And washing of body with soap and water were 2.17(AOR = 0.461% CI: 0.214-0.993) times lower having scabies infection. Share cloth was 3(AOR = 3.313, 95% CI: 1.536-7.149) times higher having scabies infection. Presence of scabies infected individuals in the family was 6 (AOR = 6.029, 95% CI: 2.071-14.275) times higher to develop scabies infection. Conclusions There prevalence of scabies infection was high, less than 15 years age group were most affected. Frequent changing of cloth, frequent use of soap for body wash, sharing of cloth and presence of scabies infected individuals in the family were factors affecting scabies infection. Personal, house hygiene should be strength and avail soap for students should be considered.

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Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Risk Factors in East Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Scabies outbreak investigation among madrasahs in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, May 2019

Scabies outbreak investigation among madrasahs in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, May 2019

Determinants of Scabies among Primary School Children in Habru District: a Case-Control Study

Scabies outbreak investigation in Addet town, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

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