Scaffolds for corneal tissue engineering

Yousaf, Safiyya; Keshel, Saeed Heidari; Farzi, Gholamali; Momeni-Moghadam, Majid; Ahmadi, E.; Asencio, Ílida Ortega; Mozafari, Masoud; Sefat, Farshid

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102561-1.00026-9

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Some of these kinds of biodegradable polymers have shown that threedimensional scaffolds can allow the diffusion of nutrients and also support cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation for functional tissue regeneration [12][13][14]. More precisely, a good amount of research has been conducted by different researchers globally using various polymeric and synthetic biomaterials for many applications within the human body which mainly have used electrospinning technique including in the breast [15], bone [16,17], nerves [18], dental [19,20], skin [21][22][23], cornea and contact lenses [24][25][26][27][28][29][30], blood vessels [31], ligaments [32], diaphragm [33], trachea [34,35], lung [36], cartilage [37], bladder [38] and intestine [39], and all of the mentioned tissues have involved the same principle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and Characterisation of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering

Bazgir

Zhang

et al. 2021

Materials

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The current study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and the effects of degradation on the structural properties of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-and polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanofibrous scaffolds. Six scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning, three with PCL 15% (w/v) and three with PLGA 10% (w/v), with electrospinning processing times of 30, 60 and 90 min. Both types of scaffolds displayed more robust mechanical properties with increased spinning times. The tensile strength of both scaffolds with 90-min electrospun membranes did not show a significant difference in their strengths, as the PCL and PLGA scaffolds measured at 1.492 MPa ± 0.378 SD and 1.764 MPa ± 0.7982 SD, respectively. All membranes were shown to be hydrophobic under a wettability test. A degradation behaviour study was performed by immersing all scaffolds in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at room temperature for 12 weeks and for 4 weeks at 37 °C. The effects of degradation were monitored by taking each sample out of the PBS solution every week, and the structural changes were investigated under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The PCL and PLGA scaffolds showed excellent fibre structure with adequate degradation, and the fibre diameter, measured over time, showed slight increase in size. Therefore, as an example of fibre water intake and progressive degradation, the scaffold’s percentage weight loss increased each week, further supporting the porous membrane’s degradability. The pore size and the porosity percentage of all scaffolds decreased substantially over the degradation period. The conclusion drawn from this experiment is that PCL and PLGA hold great promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and Characterisation of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering

Bazgir

Zhang

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…Therefore, control of cell behavior via the inclusion of microfeatures within biomaterial devices is an emerging area of interest. More precisely, a good amount of research has been conducted by different researchers globally, using various polymeric and synthetic biomaterials for many applications within the human body, which mainly used the electrospinning technique, including breast [ 55 ], bone [ 56 , 57 ], nerve [ 58 ], dental [ 59 , 60 ], skin [ 61 , 62 , 63 ], cornea and contact lenses [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ], blood vessel [ 71 ], ligament [ 72 ], diaphragm [ 73 ], trachea [ 74 , 75 ], lung [ 76 ], cartilage [ 77 ], bladder [ 78 ] and intestine [ 79 ].…”

Section: The Corneal Stem Cell Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell Niche Microenvironment: Review

et al. 2021

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The cornea comprises a pool of self-regenerating epithelial cells that are crucial to preserving clarity and visibility. Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs), which live in a specialized stem cell niche (SCN), are crucial for the survival of the human corneal epithelium. They live at the bottom of the limbal crypts, in a physically enclosed microenvironment with a number of neighboring niche cells. Scientists also simplified features of these diverse microenvironments for more analysis in situ by designing and recreating features of different SCNs. Recent methods for regenerating the corneal epithelium after serious trauma, including burns and allergic assaults, focus mainly on regenerating the LESCs. Mesenchymal stem cells, which can transform into self-renewing and skeletal tissues, hold immense interest for tissue engineering and innovative medicinal exploration. This review summarizes all types of LESCs, identity and location of the human epithelial stem cells (HESCs), reconstruction of LSCN and artificial stem cells for self-renewal.

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“…The normal cornea is a dome-shaped, avascular, and transparent connective tissue that is unique in terms of its structure that covers the front portion of the eye, and this precise tissue is densely innervated because it exposed to the external environment [ 4 ]. This important tissue is supplied by sensory and autonomic sensitive nerve fiber.…”

Section: The Anatomy Of the Corneamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Nanoparticle for Cornea Drug Delivery: Focus Review

et al. 2020

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During recent decades, researchers all around the world have focused on the characteristic pros and cons of the different drug delivery systems for cornea tissue change for sense organs. The delivery of various drugs for cornea tissue is one of the most attractive and challenging activities for researchers in biomaterials, pharmacology, and ophthalmology. This method is so important for cornea wound healing because of the controllable release rate and enhancement in drug bioavailability. It should be noted that the delivery of various kinds of drugs into the different parts of the eye, especially the cornea, is so difficult because of the unique anatomy and various barriers in the eye. Nanoparticles are investigated to improve drug delivery systems for corneal disease. Biodegradable nanocarriers for repeated corneal drug delivery is one of the most attractive and challenging methods for corneal drug delivery because they have shown acceptable ability for this purpose. On the other hand, by using these kinds of nanoparticles, a drug could reside in various part of the cornea for longer. In this review, we summarized all approaches for corneal drug delivery with emphasis on the biodegradable nanoparticles, such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, niosomes, microemulsions, nanosuspensions, and hydrogels. Moreover, we discuss the anatomy of the cornea at first and gene therapy at the end.

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Scaffolds for corneal tissue engineering

Cited by 9 publications

References 102 publications

Degradation and Characterisation of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering

Degradation and Characterisation of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering

Stem Cell Niche Microenvironment: Review

Biodegradable Nanoparticle for Cornea Drug Delivery: Focus Review

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