Scalability of combining microalgae-based biofuels with wastewater facilities: A review

Quiroz‐Arita, Carlos; Peebles, Christie A. M.; Bradley, Thomas H.

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2015.03.001

Cited by 83 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…According to current knowledge, microalgae biodiesel is at the forefront of the next generation of biofuel systems [3] [4] [5]. The numerous attributes of microalgae include: 1) high phototrophic productivity and thus the ability of large scale microalgae to use natural light [6] [7]; 2) fast growth rates [8] [9]; 3) the potential for non-cropland cultivation [10] [11]; 4) the potential to trap greenhouse gases (CO 2 ) and recycle waste water and nutrients [12] [13] [14]; and 5) huge potential to convert sunlight into reduced carbon molecules, such as carbohydrates and lipids [15]. So far the production of biodiesel from microalgae has obtained significant advances in laboratory scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Salt for Lipid Accumulation of Microalgae: Towards the Viability of Microalgae Biodiesel

Miranda¹,

Lima²,

Atella³

et al. 2016

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In recent years, microalgae biodiesel has attracted expressive attention and investment, once it was considered a potential resource for energy. Although the wide use of microalgae biodiesel is restricted by its high production cost. For cost-efficient and sustainable production of biodiesel from microalgae, a proper understanding of the variables and their impacts on physiology of the strains is required. In this study, a simple factorial design 2 3 was used to find optimal conditions for the cultivation of Ankistrodesmus sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. in batch culture. The three components considered were nitrate, phosphate and sodium chloride, used to assess the metabolic versatility of the strains in brackish conditions. The results showed that culture medium with 0.04 g•L −1 nitrate, 0.01 g•L −1 phosphate and 5.0 g•L −1 sodium chloride resulted to be the most effective condition to growth and fatty acids accumulation. Using this optimal condition, Ankistrodesmus sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. increased in 2.1 and 2.4 folds their fatty acids yield, respectively. Importantly, this protocol reduced 75% of the nitrate and phosphate concentrations of the original medium (ASM-1). Additionally, fatty acids analysis found that these strains were mainly constituted of C16-C18, in accordance with the requirements for biodiesel production. The simple factorial design applied here proved to be an important tool towards a better understanding of synergistic effects of tested factors on microalgae metabolism, and the resulting information could be used effectively to improve microalgae cultivation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Salt for Lipid Accumulation of Microalgae: Towards the Viability of Microalgae Biodiesel

Miranda¹,

Lima²,

Atella³

et al. 2016

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“…Reported productivity of algal lipids varies significantly between studies, from less than 7 [59,60] to more than 120 m 3 ha -1 a -1 [35,61] according to conditions employed or assumptions made (Table 3). A similarly wide range of values applies to the productivity, in g m 2 d -1 , of the algal biomass, with the highest values reported for high-strength feedwaters such as municipal wastewater centrate [7]. Whilst subsequent biofuel production costs are also dependent on the conversion methods used -primarily solvent extraction, hydrothermal liquefaction and pyrolysis [46,[62][63][64][65]69] -it has been widely observed that costs are most sensitive to algal biomass productivity [13,21,[66][67][68] and/or lipid content [13,28,29,68,69].…”

Section: Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of research publications into the application of MCT, configured as open ponds (OPs) or photobioreactors (PBRs), for these duties has been increasing exponentially at a compound annual growth rate of 6.4-6.7% per year since the mid-1960s [1]. Recent reviews of the subject have encompassed CO 2 capture from flue gas streams [1][2][3], nutrient removal from wastewater [1,[4][5][6][7][8] and resource recovery -with biofuel production from wastewater sources receiving particular attention [3,6,[8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cost benefit of algal technology for combined CO2 mitigation and nutrient abatement

Judd

Momani

Znad

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The use of microalgae culture technology (MCT) for mitigating CO 2 emissions from flue gases and nutrient discharges from wastewater whilst generating a biofuel product is considered with reference to the cost benefit offered. The review examines the most recent MCT literature (post 2010) focused on the algal biomass or biofuel production cost. The analysis reveals that, according to published studies, biofuel cost follows an approximate inverse relationship with algal or lipid productivity with a minimum production cost of $1 L-1 attained under representative conditions. A 35-86% cost reduction is reported across all studies from the combined harnessing of CO 2 and nutrients from waste sources. This compares with 12-27% for obviating fertiliser procurement through using a wastewater nutrient source (or else recycling the liquor from the extracted algal biomass waste), and 19-39% for CO 2 fixation from a flue gas feed. Notwithstanding the above, economic competitiveness with mineral fuels appears to be attainable only under circumstances which also feature: a) the inclusion of cost and environmental benefits from wastewater treatment (such as the energy and/or greenhouse gas emissions benefit from nutrient and CO 2 discharge abatement), and/or b) multiple installations over an extended geographic region where flue gas and wastewater sources are co-located.

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“…The massive amounts of water (metric tons) are used to run algal cultivation systems . Water is the critical input in sustainable algal biotechnology development, and in some cases it requires (wastewater streams, water sources with high organic nutrient loading) optimization processes to reach desired amounts of outputs (biomass, biofuel) . Water consumption and water conversion are vital for cost and water foot‐printing analysis.…”

Section: Technical Challenges Of Algal Biofuel Production In Commercimentioning

confidence: 99%

Algae as a promising resource for biofuel industry: facts and challenges

Köse

Öncel

2016

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary Energy is the main driving force of society today that should be handled as a whole starting from production to consumption. With the rapid increase in the energy necessity, alternative methods and sources are becoming a crucial topic that should be scientifically highlighted with all their pros and cons. Especially the problems related to the fossil sources of energy triggered the search on the renewable alternatives like algae. In order to reach the desired amounts of energy with the satisfactory quality and quantity, understanding the algae as a living thing with the biological mechanism and existing production technologies are the key points to have a projection for commercialization. In this regard, technical facts and challenges on algal biofuel production should be evaluated. Keeping in mind the specifications and possible advantages related to their taxonomy, algae can serve as a promising source to reduce fossil fuel consumption. With the progress in the modern technology, reaching an effective production process will be possible, and this will help the algal biofuels to prove their maturity as a sustainable source for future. Within this context, the aim of this review is to point out the crucial technical challenges about algal fuels comprising both the macroalgae and microalgae as a reliable source of renewable energy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Scalability of combining microalgae-based biofuels with wastewater facilities: A review

Cited by 83 publications

References 29 publications

Optimization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Salt for Lipid Accumulation of Microalgae: Towards the Viability of Microalgae Biodiesel

Optimization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Salt for Lipid Accumulation of Microalgae: Towards the Viability of Microalgae Biodiesel

The cost benefit of algal technology for combined CO2 mitigation and nutrient abatement

Algae as a promising resource for biofuel industry: facts and challenges

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