Scalable and Low Crosstalk Silicon Mode Exchanger for Mode Division Multiplexing System Enabled by Inverse Design

Zhang, Guowu; Liboiron-Ladouceur, Odile

doi:10.1109/jphot.2021.3061112

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although record high-order mode (de)multiplexer has been experimentally demonstrated up to the 15th 39 , the critical phase-matching condition can hardly be well satisfied for all mode channels simultaneously owing to fabrication imperfections. In order to validate the extraordinary scalability of the BBs-based design framework, we characterize the performance of high-order mode manipulation (>15th) by directly measuring the total ELs of 2, 6, and 10 cascaded B2B mode operators, which has already been verified to be a useful and effective method 30 , 40 . As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial-enabled arbitrary on-chip spatial mode manipulation

Xiang

Tao

et al. 2022

Light Sci Appl

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On-chip spatial mode operation, represented as mode-division multiplexing (MDM), can support high-capacity data communications and promise superior performance in various systems and numerous applications from optical sensing to nonlinear and quantum optics. However, the scalability of state-of-the-art mode manipulation techniques is significantly hindered not only by the particular mode-order-oriented design strategy but also by the inherent limitations of possibly achievable mode orders. Recently, metamaterials capable of providing subwavelength-scale control of optical wavefronts have emerged as an attractive alternative to manipulate guided modes with compact footprints and broadband functionalities. Herein, we propose a universal yet efficient design framework based on the topological metamaterial building block (BB), enabling the excitation of arbitrary high-order spatial modes in silicon waveguides. By simply programming the layout of multiple fully etched dielectric metamaterial perturbations with predefined mathematical formulas, arbitrary high-order mode conversion and mode exchange can be simultaneously realized with uniform and competitive performance. The extraordinary scalability of the metamaterial BB frame is experimentally benchmarked by a record high-order mode operator up to the twentieth. As a proof of conceptual application, an 8-mode MDM data transmission of 28-GBaud 16-QAM optical signals is also verified with an aggregate data rate of 813 Gb/s (7% FEC). This user-friendly metamaterial BB concept marks a quintessential breakthrough for comprehensive manipulation of spatial light on-chip by breaking the long-standing shackles on the scalability, which may open up fascinating opportunities for complex photonic functionalities previously inaccessible.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial-enabled arbitrary on-chip spatial mode manipulation

Xiang

Tao

et al. 2022

Light Sci Appl

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“…Then, an intermediate permittivity structure can be obtained, as indicated by the central structure in Figure 1a. Taking the fabrication feasibility into account, Heaviside filter equation is used to binarized the permittivities of all pixels [29,30]. Then, an analog-topology structure consisting of only silicon or oxide is obtained.…”

Section: ( ) (mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultra-Broadband Polarization Beam Splitter Based on the Digital Meta-Structure at the 2 µm Waveband

Liu

Guo

et al. 2022

Photonics

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The 2 μm waveband is considered to have great potential in optical communications. Driven by the demands on high-performance functional devices in this spectral band, various integrated photonic components have been demonstrated. In this work, an analog and digital topology optimization method is proposed to design an ultra-broadband polarization beam splitter at the 2 μm waveband. Within an optical bandwidth of 213 nm, the excess losses of TE and TM modes are <0.53 dB and 0.3 dB, respectively. The corresponding polarization extinction ratios are >16.5 dB and 18.1 dB. The device has a very compact footprint of only 2.52 µm × 5.4 µm. According to our best knowledge, this is a benchmark demonstration of an ultra-broadband and ultra-compact polarization beam splitter enabled by the proposed optimization method.

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“…There have been many reports that many functional devices have been realized on siliconbased platform by inverse design, including power dividers 7 , polarization beam splitters 8 , wavelength demultiplexers 9 mode converters 10 , etc. Inverse design of mode convertors can be assisted by intelligent algorithms like particle swarm algorithm 11 , genetic algorithm 12 , direct binary search 13 , wavefront matching method 14 , adjoint method 15 . However, most of the mentioned algorithms are limited by the magnitude of geometric parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient on-chip mode conversion based on adjoint shape optimization

Yang

Tian

Liao

et al. 2023

AOPC 2022: Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics

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In this paper, highly efficient TE0-TE1 and TM0-TE1 conversions are achieved on SOI chips by optimizing the edge of mode converters employing the adjoint shape optimization method. At the central wavelength of 1550 nm, the conversion efficiencies of the device reaches 99.6% for TE0-TE1 conversion and 96.0% for TM0-TE1 conversion, while the loss are only 0.016 dB and 0.17 dB, respectively. Besides, the extinction ratio reaches 31.2 dB and 29.5 dB. The bandwidth characteristics of the devices are also numerically investigated. As the wavelength varies from 1500 nm to 1600 nm, the conversion efficiency for TE0-TE1 conversion can be kept above 96.6% and the extinction ratio is kept above 15.7 dB, while the insertion loss is kept below 0.14 dB. As for TM0-TE1 conversion, the conversion efficiency is above 92.6%, the extinction ratio is over 15.6 dB and insertion loss is below 0.33 dB within the wavelength range from 1505 nm to 1585 nm. Considering the influence of fabrication process on the performance of devices, the fabrication tolerance of mode converters is investigated by adjusting the width of devices. For both converters, the conversion efficiencies can be kept above 91.9%, while the insertion loss is less than 0.34 dB as the width variation of ± 20 nm at 1550 nm. The proposed mode converters take advantages of large bandwidth, high conversion efficiencies, low insertion loss and high fabrication tolerance, paving the path to realize efficient on-chip mode conversion in a cost-effective way.

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Scalable and Low Crosstalk Silicon Mode Exchanger for Mode Division Multiplexing System Enabled by Inverse Design

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Metamaterial-enabled arbitrary on-chip spatial mode manipulation

Metamaterial-enabled arbitrary on-chip spatial mode manipulation

An Ultra-Broadband Polarization Beam Splitter Based on the Digital Meta-Structure at the 2 µm Waveband

Highly efficient on-chip mode conversion based on adjoint shape optimization

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