Scalable synthesis of gyroid-inspired freestanding three-dimensional graphene architectures

Abstract

A three-dimensional gyroid-inspired architecture composed of turbostratic graphene was fabricated using colloidal self-assembly and chemical vapor deposition.

Mechanical performance of 3D printed interpenetrating phase composites with spinodal topologies

“…Most importantly, unlike periodic IPCs, spinodal shell IPCs can in principle be scalably manufactured at various length scales, using self-assembly approaches followed by material conversion techniques. Possible self-assembly approaches include spinodal decomposition of block copolymers [45], interfacially jammed colloidal suspensions (bijels) [40], [44] and selective etching of bimetallic alloys [41]. These approaches allow ready fabrication of polymeric, metallic or ceramic macro-scale samples with domain sizes at the micro or nano-scale, resulting in architected materials with enormous surface area and further improving mechanical properties by virtue of wellestablished size effects on the constituent materials [61]- [63].…”

“…A number of materials conversion techniques can be subsequently used to (i) eliminate one of the phases and converting the remaining phase to the desired material (hence producing a cellular material with spinodal solid topology) [41], (ii) converting both phases to the desired materials (resulting in an IPC with spinodal solid topology) [42], [43], or (iii) eliminating one phase, coating the other phase with the desired material and finally eliminate the second phase as well (resulting in a cellular material with spinodal shell topology) [40] . As a notable example, in a 4 recent study bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels (bijels) are formed and processed into sacrificial porous nickel scaffolds for chemical vapor deposition to produce freestanding three-dimensional turbostratic graphene (bi-3DG) monoliths with spinodal shell topologies, possessing exceptionally high specific surface area and exceeding 100,000 unit cells [44]. In all cases, the inherent self-assembly of spinodal topologies provides a route to fabricate micro-or nano-architected materials with macroscopic dimensions, with a level of scalability unmatched by any additive manufacturing technique [44], [45].…”

“…As a notable example, in a 4 recent study bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels (bijels) are formed and processed into sacrificial porous nickel scaffolds for chemical vapor deposition to produce freestanding three-dimensional turbostratic graphene (bi-3DG) monoliths with spinodal shell topologies, possessing exceptionally high specific surface area and exceeding 100,000 unit cells [44]. In all cases, the inherent self-assembly of spinodal topologies provides a route to fabricate micro-or nano-architected materials with macroscopic dimensions, with a level of scalability unmatched by any additive manufacturing technique [44], [45]. As spinodal topologies are bicontinuous, such micro/nano-architected materials could be infiltrated with a second phase via deposition or infiltration processes, potentially providing a uniquely scalable fabrication process for shell-based IPCs.…”

Influence of Magnetic Moment on Single Atom Catalytic Activation Energy Barriers

“…The single vacancy has a significant localized magnetic moment, while the pyridinic N defect moiety does not. Our ability to produce high surface area, porous 3-dimensional bicontinuous turbostratic graphene scaffolds, with morphology that facilitates efficient mass transfer as well as simultaneous high electrical conductivity that is important for a catalytic support [23][24][25][26] further motivates identification of earth abundant transition metals and fundamental mechanisms in order to inform the design of molecular dopants and adatoms on graphene that optimize catalytic activity.…”

Minisurf – A minimal surface generator for finite element modeling and additive manufacturing

“…Traditionally, topologies have largely been limited to beambased structures, such as honeycombs in 2D [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and octet lattices in 3D [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. More recently, interest has shifted to shell-based topologies with minimal surface characteristics, such as triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) [15][16][17][18][19][20] and isotropic stochastic spinodal minimal surfaces [21][22][23]; while more challenging to fabricate, these topologies are devoid of nodes and other stress intensification regions, which results in improved strength and toughness [21,[24][25][26] as well as efficient fluid transport at low pressure drops [27][28][29]. Many studies of these minimal surface topologies have been motivated by the development of superior additive manufacturing (AM) technologies that enable their fabrication, and generally employ finite element modeling (FEM) for calculation of their mechanical and functional response; as a consequence, there is an increasing need for quick and accurate generation of computeraided design (CAD) files for periodic cellular materials based on TPMS topologies, to be employed both for numerical analysis and additive manufacturing.…”