Scale Effect of Strip and Circular Footings Resting on Dense Sand

Zhu, Fanyu; Clark, Jack I.; Phillips, Ryan

doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2001)127:7(613)

Cited by 99 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, it is well known that 1g tests on reduced-scale models suffer from severe limitations due to scale effects associated, first of all, with the very low stresses in the granular soil of the model (e.g. de Beer (1965), Vesić (1975), Kimura et al (1985), Bolton and Lau (1989), Kusakabe et al (1991), Ueno et al (2001), Zhu et al (2001), Lau and Bolton (2011a)). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centrifuge tests on strip footings on sand with a weak layer

Ziccarelli

ValoreCalogero

Rino

et al. 2017

Geotechnical Research

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Tests on small-scale physical models of a strip footing resting on a dense sand bed containing a thin horizontal weak soil layer were carried out at normal gravity (1 g ). The results, reported in a companion paper, point out that the weak layer plays an important role in the failure mechanism and the ultimate bearing capacity of the footing if it falls within the ground volume relevant to the behaviour of the sand–footing system. The same problem was also investigated by means of centrifuge tests on reduced-scale models at 25 g and 40 g . The results of these tests, reported and discussed in this paper, confirm that failure mechanisms are governed substantially by the presence of the weak layer if its depth does not exceed a critical value and highlight marked scale effects involving the ultimate bearing capacity related essentially to the mean equivalent stress level in the soil beneath and around the footing. Equivalent bearing capacity factors, [Formula: see text], for footings on a dense sand bed containing a thin weak layer are derived from experimental results and are proposed in the paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centrifuge tests on strip footings on sand with a weak layer

Ziccarelli

ValoreCalogero

Rino

et al. 2017

Geotechnical Research

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“…de Beer, 1963;Kimura et al, 1985;Ueno et al, 1998), and this is attributed largely to the stress-level dependence of the friction angle (Hettler & Gudehus, 1988;Ueno et al, 2001;Zhu et al, 2001). Although the size effect on the bearing capacity of sand is well known, there is no established analytical method to quantify it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing capacity on sand overlying clay soils: experimental and finite-element investigation of potential punch-through failure

Lee

Cassidy²,

Randolph³

2013

Géotechnique

108

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When a jack-up spudcan foundation is installed on seabeds consisting of a sand layer overlying soft clay, the potential for 'punch-through' failure exists. This happens as a result of an abrupt reduction in bearing resistance when the foundation punches a block of sand into the underlying soft clay in an uncontrolled manner. This paper details an extensive series of 30 tests of flat circular and spudcan foundations continuously penetrated through samples of sand overlying clay, and performed under relevant stress conditions using a drum centrifuge. The large testing area of the drum centrifuge was used advantageously to produce test results that could be compared directly with tests covering a sand thickness over foundation diameter of 0 . 21 to 1 . 12. Results from retrospective finite-element analysis of the experiments are also described, with back-calculated values of the stress-level-dependent friction and dilation angles in the sand during peak penetration resistance shown to fit correlations in the literature. The back-analysis showed that larger values of peak resistance gave lower friction and dilation angles, which is consistent with gradual suppression of dilatancy under high confining stress. When compared with published results from visualisation experiments, the finite-element analysis showed a similar failure mechanism during peak resistance, with a frustum of sand forced into the underlying clay at an angle reflecting the dilation in the sand.

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“…Several researchers have investigated the scale effect of different foundation sizes on the bearing capacity factor Nγ for shallow foundations (De Beer 1965;Habib 1974;Shiraishi 1990;Zhu et al 2001;Ueno et al 2001;Cerato and Lutenegger 2007;Zhu et al 2001). Zhu et al (2001) present numerical and physical modeling (with centrifuge tests) studies of scale effect on the bearing capacity of strip and circular footings on dense silica sands.…”

Section: Sample Size Effect On Bearing Capacity Of Shallow Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of triaxial specimen size on engineering design and analysis

Touzani

Sadrekarimi

2015

Geo-Engineering

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Background: Triaxial tests are often used to determine the behavior and strength characteristics of soils. Specimen size can have a significant impact on the measured shear strength. Accordingly, the selected parameters affect the related geotechnical engineering analysis and design. Methods: We tested three different specimen sizes of loose Ottawa sand in triaxial compression tests. The measured shear strength and friction angle are used to explain some of the observed scale effects in engineering design and analysis. Critical state parameter and shear strength from the laboratory tests are employed to assess the static and seismic slope stability of an embankment dam, to calibrate a critical state soil constitutive model, to study the soil behavior under shallow foundations, and to evaluate liquefaction triggering and failure of retaining structures. Results: We show that all of these analyses can be significantly affected by the choice of the specimen size used to determine shear strength parameters. Conclusion: While using small size samples for determining shear strength parameters might result in un-conservative design, a large sample size is consequently a more accurate representation of soil strength conditions and field deformations.

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Scale Effect of Strip and Circular Footings Resting on Dense Sand

Cited by 99 publications

References 13 publications

Centrifuge tests on strip footings on sand with a weak layer

Centrifuge tests on strip footings on sand with a weak layer

Bearing capacity on sand overlying clay soils: experimental and finite-element investigation of potential punch-through failure

Effect of triaxial specimen size on engineering design and analysis

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