In this paper I examine the tactics, underpinning logics and forms of legitimacy through which urban security is produced and maintained in a volatile urban environment. I argue that urban security is produced through subtle, everyday practices, as much as it relies on the use of force.Research from Johannesburg's inner-city reveals that even powerful actors, such as private security personnel, have to engage in contingent, everyday practices which adapt to the sociospatial realities they are confronted with in order to effectively create regimes of security and order. The article makes a novel contribution by combining literature from policing and security studies with work on gentrification, ambient power and the privatization of public space. It also draws on original empirical research carried out in inner-city Johannesburg over an extended period of time. The central goal of the article is to shift analytic lenses to examine the ways in which social and spatial realities shape security and policing practices and agendas, and to broaden our understanding of the rationales, logics and meanings of urban security, particularly in volatile, conflictual urban spaces (mostly, but not exclusively) in the Global South.