Scale Pattern Analysis Discriminates Atlantic Salmon by River Reach Rearing Origin

Haas-Castro, Ruth; Sheehan, Timothy F.; Cadrin, Steven X.; Trial, Joan G.

doi:10.1577/m04-145.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Comparisons of overall mean circuli spacing were only made through circuli number 1 to 10 as that was the maximum number of circuli seen on brood year (BY) 2008 early estuary captures. Linear discriminant analysis used scale characteristics to determine subyearling habitat use (Haas‐Castro et al , ; Bond et al , ). A stepwise analysis using Wilk's λ (Tattam et al , ) selected the scale characteristics that were most effective at discriminating between habitat use ( i .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing in natural and recovering tidal wetlands enhances growth and life‐history diversity of Columbia Estuary tributary coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch population

Craig

Simenstad

Bottom

2014

Journal of Fish Biology

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This study provides evidence of the importance of tributary tidal wetlands to local coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch populations and life-history diversity. Subyearling and, to a lesser extent, yearling O. kisutch life histories utilized various estuary habitats within the Grays River, a tidal freshwater tributary of the Columbia River estuary, including restoring emergent wetlands and natural forested wetlands. Migration timing data, size distributions, estuary residence and scale patterns suggest a predominance of subyearling migrant life histories, including several that involve extended periods of estuary rearing. Estuarine-rearing subyearling O. kisutch exhibited the greatest overall growth rates; the highest growth rates were seen in fish that utilized restoring emergent wetlands. These results contrast with studies conducted in the main-stem Columbia River estuary, which captured few O. kisutch, of which nearly all were hatchery-origin yearling smolts. Restoration and preservation of peripheral and tributary wetland habitats, such as those in the Grays River, could play an important role in the recovery of natural O. kisutch populations in the Columbia River and elsewhere.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing in natural and recovering tidal wetlands enhances growth and life‐history diversity of Columbia Estuary tributary coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch population

Craig

Simenstad

Bottom

2014

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…After an anesthetic of either buffered tricaine methanesulfonate (MS‐222) or clove oil was given, the fork length (FL; mm) of each captured individual was recorded. A subset of all Atlantic Salmon caught had scales removed for aging (see Methods in Haas‐Castro et al 2006). Within our time period of interest (1980–2014), electrofishing in the East Machias River drainage consisted of a total of 36 sites sampled during 131 sampling events in which 2469 Atlantic Salmon juveniles were measured (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of environmental and biological factors on the length of Atlantic Salmon age‐1+ parr in three Maine drainages

et al. 2023

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Objective: Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar in the United States have been the focus of recovery efforts for over 150 years, but long-term analyses of juvenile demographics are limited. We examined how parr size (fork length [FL]) varied across three Maine drainages (East Machias, Narraguagus, and Sheepscot rivers) during 1980-2014 and was affected by habitat and biological variables using a long-term electrofishing data set. Methods:We fitted generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to determine how parr FL varied with explanatory variables, including mean summer air temperature, elevation, mean channel width, juvenile salmon density, age-0 parr stocked, a metric for the number of effective fry stocked, and year. When examining model-averaged GAMM results, we found that parr size varied throughout the 34-year time period across the three drainages. Result: Between 1980 and 2014, parr FL in the Sheepscot River drainage (mean = 143.9 mm) steadily increased (~5-mm increase). Parr FL in the Narraguagus River drainage (mean = 124.4 mm) declined from 1980 to about 2005 and then increased from 2006 to 2014. Parr FL in the East Machias River drainage(mean = 127.7 mm) experienced a decrease of approximately 10 mm during the study period. Density dependence was evident across drainages, suggesting that habitats were at capacity or that parr were experiencing competition. Given that the production of parr in Maine is highly reliant on stock enhancement, localized high stocking densities may limit parr growth without further restoration or habitat improvements.Stocking intensities generally decreased in all three drainages after 2000, possibly relaxing density dependence and partially explaining the plateau or increase in FL during recent years in the Sheepscot and Narraguagus rivers. Relationships between FL and summer air temperature were drainage specific, while wide channels and lower elevations were consistently associated with larger parr. Conclusion:Given our results, management should continue to prioritize habitat improvements to improve local carrying capacity and potentially reduce densitydependent growth so as to increase stock enhancement efficacy within an adaptive management framework at the southern edge of the Atlantic Salmon's range.

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“…Otolith shape has been used in different studies to discriminate salmonid populations of several species such as brown trout, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. 1758 and brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (M. 1814) (L'Abée‐Lund, ; Morat et al ., ). Scale shape analysis has also been used to identify salmonid stocks (De Pontual & Prouzet, , ; Haas‐Castro et al ., ; Unwin & Lucas, ). Nevertheless, although the scale and otolith morphometry (elliptic Fourier analysis and shape indices) have been widely used for the stock identification, they have never been used together for studying the brown trout segregation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the stock structure of the Persian brown trout by otolith and scale shape

Rashidabadi

Abdoli

Tajbakhsh

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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The simultaneous use of the scale and otolith morphometry was assessed as a potential tool for the identification of Persian brown trout Salmo trutta stocks of the Lar Lake and five rivers from Lar Basin, Iran. Fourier coefficients (FC) and circularity, rectangularity, roundness, ellipticity and form factor shape indices (SI) were calculated for otolith and scale. Several SIs were significantly different among sites for both structures. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences between several pairwise comparisons for otolith and scale (FCs and indices separately). Discriminant analysis showed otolith FCs (cross-classification rates: 25-86%) and SI (20-45%) appear to be a relatively acceptable tool to discriminate between several locations. Comparatively, the scale morphometry showed lower discriminatory power (FC = 3-65%; SI = 15-34%), with the exception of SI for Elarm River (60%), Kamardasht River (56%) and Lar Lake (75%). Cross-classification rates improved up to 100% when discriminate analysis incorporating all variables for otolith and scale was performed. The results showed a potential segregation between some water bodies, suggesting that the otolith and scale morphometry could be a useful tool to delimit S. trutta populations in relatively close freshwater environments. K E Y W O R D Selliptic Fourier analysis, Lar National Park, morphometry, shape indices, stock identification

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Scale Pattern Analysis Discriminates Atlantic Salmon by River Reach Rearing Origin

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Rearing in natural and recovering tidal wetlands enhances growth and life‐history diversity of Columbia Estuary tributary coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch population

Rearing in natural and recovering tidal wetlands enhances growth and life‐history diversity of Columbia Estuary tributary coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch population

The effects of environmental and biological factors on the length of Atlantic Salmon age‐1+ parr in three Maine drainages

Unravelling the stock structure of the Persian brown trout by otolith and scale shape

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