Scale up and design of processes in aerated-stirred fermenters for the industrial production of vinegar

Impact of high initial concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol on acetification rate in an internal Venturi injector bioreactor

“…Homogeneous conditions, based on maintaining thorough mixing of air, medium and AAB, are important elements of bioreactor design (González‐Sáiz et al . ). Here, the nonsignificant differences in DO at the three measurement points in our bioreactor indicate that it achieves good levels of homogeneity.…”

Vinegar Engineering: a Bioprocess Perspective

“…The design and configurations of a bioreactor play a critical role in the performance of the vinegar fermentation process. Bioreactor configurations include height to diameter ratio (aspect ratio), the surface area to volume ratio [37], shape of vessel [14,37], stainless steel features [15], impeller configurations (size, number of blades, location) [33], turbines and gas inlets and outlets [34]. In order to emphasize the importance of design and configuration, a graphical depiction of how height to diameter ratio influences gaseous (O 2 and CO 2 ) exchange is demonstrated in Fig.…”

“…In addition, vinegar production systems which separate the alcoholic and acetification process can employ both geometric designs to suit the needs of each fermentation process. Previously, a 10-L bioreactor equipped with a sparger located 2 cm from the bottom of the bioreactor for air diffusion was reported as a suitable design for vinegar production [34]. The bioreactor had two impeller flat blade Rushton turbines with a gap of 1.45 cm between the sparger and the first impeller, with each impeller having six blades (Fig.…”

“…Furthermore, an aerated-stirred pilot bioreactor was proposed to be an improvement of existing fermenters by González-Sáiz et al [34]. The study proposed the replacement of plate tops with dish tops in industrial fermenters while achieving an acetification rate of 13.2 and 11.1 g L −1 h −1 for the batch and continuous system, respectively.…”

Energy efficiency of a deep hollow bladed impeller for mixing viscoplastic fluids in a cylindrical vessel

“…Therefore, researchers still continue to redesign the stirrer blade in order to obtain efficient systems in terms of energy, mixing time, and product quality. [1][2][3][4] Recently, many researchers focus on the performance of impellers with curved blades, and some works have been achieved using this type of impellers to study the flow pattern generated with rheological complex fluids. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Other researchers interested to Newtonian fluids with curved blade impellers in single or dual arrangements.…”