Scale-Up of Electrochemical Reactors

Sulaymon, Abbas H.; Abbar, Ali H.

doi:10.5772/48728

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This is a rule of thumb that allows to scale up electrochemical processes in absence of experimental tests, as the re-optimization of the process will be minimal. 36,37 The total area required for the anode is about 3234 m 2 , proportional to the high productivity, that means about 40419 Electro Syn Cell ® units, so larger electrochemical cells should be employed, such as Electro Prod Cell ® , produced by the same company for industrial application with larger electrode areas, between 0.4 m 2 and 16 m 2 , but the same inter-electrode gap.…”

Section: Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of FDCA Production through Electrocatalytic Processes

Massaro¹,

Monteverde²

2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The conversion of biomass into high-value chemicals and its coupling with the electrochemical industry represent a viable sustainable alternative to the use of traditional petrochemical processes. Here, we investigated the electrochemical production process of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) starting from lignocellulosic biomass, which provides 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as reaction intermediate. The process investigated is based on the scale-up of a model proposed in literature, characterized by the continuous oxidation of HMF into FDCA, catalysed by Ni/NiOOH foam, and its recovery by two-step pH-shift crystallization and subsequent filtration. The imposed productivity is 10000 tons/y with an overall process yield of about 70% and a separation efficiency of 95%. From the techno-economic analysis, the estimated minimum selling price of FDCA is about 3.67 €/kg which is compared with the market price of terephthalic acid, showing no current feasibility of the process on industrial scale. Several factors contribute to the increase in the FDCA price: the high cost of production of HMF, the use of large quantities of acidic and basic substances, the low process yield. Sensitivity analysis shows the impact of HMF, hydrogen and electricity costs on FDCA price.

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Section: Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of FDCA Production through Electrocatalytic Processes

Massaro¹,

Monteverde²

2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…• EC-3: the active cell area was increased from 3 cm 2 to 100 cm 2 , which is a state-of-the-art scale for TRL5 CO2 electrochemical reduction demonstration technologies[30] and for fuel cells [42,43,60]. It is worth noting that this variation causes changes in the fluid-dynamic regime and in the current and potential distribution [61].…”

Section: Definition Of the Cases Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• EC-4: the gaseous flow rate in a single cell was increased in order to maintain the lab-scale fluiddynamic regime. More in detail, the Reynolds number was kept constant [61] assuming a negligible thickness of the cell with respect to its sides; therefore, equation ( 9) was derived under these assumption. Ac,n (m 2 ) represents the active cell area of the n-th case of study and 𝑉𝑛 gaseous flow rate at the inlet of the cell of the n-th case of study.…”

Section: Definition Of the Cases Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to make sustainable CO2 conversion to Methanol: Thermocatalytic versus electrocatalytic technology

Guzmán

Salomone

Batuecas

et al. 2021

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…The use of dimensionless analysis is justified by the reason that normally, the concept of scaling chemical process units can be applied in general to reactor systems, using a dimensionless group correlation [ 21 ]. To address scalability issues, the chemical processing industry often refers to the principle of similarity based on setting up the relationships existing between different scales of processing equipment [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Such relationships are usually determined through the so-called “dimensionless groups”, which characterize the process [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divalent Metal Ion Depletion from Wastewater by RVC Cathodes: A Critical Review

Dell’Era,

Lupi,

Ciro

et al. 2024

Materials

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In this paper, a critical review of results obtained using a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) three-dimensional cathode for the electrochemical depletion of various divalent ions, such as Cu+2, Cd+2, Pb+2, Zn+2, Ni+2, and Co+2, often present in wastewater, has been carried out. By analyzing the kinetics and fluid dynamics of the process found in literature, a general dimensionless equation, Sh = f(Re), has been determined, describing a general trend for all the analyzed systems regardless of the geometry, dimensions, and starting conditions. Thus, a map in the log(Sh) vs. log(Re) plane has been reported by characterizing the whole ion electrochemical depletion process and highlighting the existence of a good correlation among all the results. Moreover, because in recent years, the interest in using this three-dimensional cathode material seems to have slowed, the intent is to revive it as a useful tool for metal recovery, recycling processes, and water treatments.

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Scale-Up of Electrochemical Reactors

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Techno-Economic Analysis of FDCA Production through Electrocatalytic Processes

Techno-Economic Analysis of FDCA Production through Electrocatalytic Processes

How to make sustainable CO2 conversion to Methanol: Thermocatalytic versus electrocatalytic technology

Divalent Metal Ion Depletion from Wastewater by RVC Cathodes: A Critical Review

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