Scale Up of Pore-Network Models into Reservoir Scale: Optimization of Inflow Control Devices Placement

Bashtani, Farzad; Irani, Mazda; Kantzas, Apostolos

doi:10.2118/208601-pa

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Inflow control devices (ICDs) refer to a kind of completion hardware that acts as equalizers to balance or equalize a wellbore pressure drop to achieve an evenly distributed inflow profile along a horizontal section. They are in the form of channels, nozzles, or orifices, and provide great potential in profile adjustment and water control [182][183][184][185][186][187]. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a nozzl-type ICDs completed horizontal well [182].…”

Section: Novel Wellbore Configurations 431 Inflow Control Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Trends of In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Extra Heavy Oil

Chen

Cai

et al. 2023

Energies

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In situ catalytic upgrading of heavy oil decomposes viscous heavy oil underground through a series of complex chemical and physical reactions with the aid of an injected catalyst, and permits the resulting lighter components to flow to the producer under a normal pressure drive. By eliminating or substantially reducing the use of steam, which is prevalently used in current heavy oil productions worldwide and is a potent source of contamination concerns if not treated properly, in situ catalytic upgrading is intrinsically environmental-friendly and widely regarded as one of the promising techniques routes to decarbonize the oil industry. The present review provides a state-of-the-art summarization of the technologies of in situ catalytic upgrading and viscosity reduction in heavy oil from the aspects of catalyst selections, catalytic mechanisms, catalytic methods, and applications. The various types of widely used catalysts are compared and discussed in detail. Factors that impact the efficacy of the in situ upgrading of heavy oil are presented. The challenges and recommendations for future development are also furnished. This in-depth review is intended to give a well-rounded introduction to critical aspects on which the in situ catalytic application can shed light in the development of the world’s extra heavy oil reservoirs.

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Section: Novel Wellbore Configurations 431 Inflow Control Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Trends of In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Extra Heavy Oil

Chen

Cai

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…cylinders) (e.g. Joekar-Niasar et al 2010;Bultreys, Van Hoorebeke & Cnudde 2015;Bashtani, Irani & Kantzas 2021;Guo et al 2021). The advantages of this approach are that it is far simpler than the other one and in the same time it can benefit from the ample analytical techniques related to both imbibition and drainage processes in capillaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Joekar-Niasar et al. 2010; Bultreys, Van Hoorebeke & Cnudde 2015; Bashtani, Irani & Kantzas 2021; Guo et al. 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Investigation of the imbibition/drainage of two immiscible fluids in capillaries with arbitrary axisymmetric cross-sections: a generalized model

Salama

2022

J. Fluid Mech.

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In this work, we investigate the problem of imbibition/drainage of a fluid in capillaries of arbitrary axisymmetric cross-sections filled initially with another immiscible one. The model predicts the location of the meniscus and its speed along the tube length with time. The two immiscible fluids may assume any density and viscosity contrasts. In addition, the axisymmetric profile of the tube maintains a relatively small angle of tangency to warrant that the axial velocity distribution assumes, approximately, a parabolic profile. The driving forces that may be encountered in this system include the capillary force, pressure force, gravitational force and an opposing viscous force. The orientation of the capillary force can be in the direction of the flow (e.g. during imbibition) or opposite to the flow (e.g. during drainage). Likewise, the gravitational force can be in the direction of the flow or opposite to it. In this work we account for all these possibilities. A differential equation is developed that defines the location of the meniscus with time. A fourth-order-accurate Runge–Kutta scheme has been developed to provide solutions for the different scenarios associated with this system. It is shown that the developed model reduces to those appropriate for straight tubes, which builds confidence in the modelling approach. The effects of changing the tangent along the profile of the tube, which influences the calculation of the radius of curvature of the meniscus, is also considered. Unlike the cases of straight capillary tubes, in tubes with arbitrary symmetric profiles, the friction force depends on the variations of the tube profile. Examples of converging/diverging capillary tubes that follow straight and power law profiles are investigated. In addition, the case of sinusoidal profiles has also been considered.

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Inflow Control Devices Placement: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach

Sabet¹,

Irani²

2022

SPE Journal

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Summary Nowadays, it is common to use horizontal wells to improve the oil production rate. The production rate varies along the horizontal well because of either frictional pressure losses (the heel-toe effect) or reservoir heterogeneity. Such a flux variability in zones close to the bottomwater and gas cap leads to water and gas breakthroughs. To mitigate water (or gas) coning, inflow control devices (ICDs) have become a standard practice to control instability and improve uniformity in the inflow profile. These devices help delay the water (or gas) breakthroughs by exerting a greater restriction on high water/oil ratio (or gas/oil ratio) zones. In the design and analysis of ICDs, the only sensible method is to model these tools using the numerical simulation that couples the well and the reservoir. Reservoir and production engineers formulate the ICD characteristics using expensive and time-consuming flow loop testing. In some scenarios, fluid flow simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to compare the results with the flow loop. However, owing to convergency issues in CFD and the unavailability of an established framework, the CFD results are not used to formulate the ICDs in the reservoir models. Instead, different types of empirical correlations are used to describe the ICDs, which require many empirical factors, causing inconsistencies in calculations. In this study, we first use CFD to characterize an orifice-based ICD in terms of the Reynolds number. Then, the results are formulated in a correlation that provides a consistent approach from CFD to well/reservoir modeling. Using such a framework, operators can ensure their prototypes are suitable for any specific problem by altering the geometry and simulating several scenarios from CFD to well/reservoir model.

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Scale Up of Pore-Network Models into Reservoir Scale: Optimization of Inflow Control Devices Placement

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Current Status and Future Trends of In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Extra Heavy Oil

Current Status and Future Trends of In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Extra Heavy Oil

Investigation of the imbibition/drainage of two immiscible fluids in capillaries with arbitrary axisymmetric cross-sections: a generalized model

Inflow Control Devices Placement: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach

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