Scale-up potential of photochemical microfluidic synthesis by selective dimension enlarging with agitation of microbubbles

Induced selectivity in the photochemistry of estrone derivatives in sustainable and micellar environment: preparative and mechanistic studies

“…On the other hand, photochemical microfluidic strategy has been recently developed and its application in photochemical synthesis of steroidal intermediates has been satisfactorily achieved [24][25][26]. A low-pressure lamp with a LB-PDMS composite film was successfully employed in the photochemical synthesis of 9β,10α-3,20bis(ethylenedioxy)-5,7-pregnadiene (L-BEP) from 9α,10β-3,20-bis(ethylenedioxy)-5,7-pregnadiene (E-BEP) which was chosen as the model substrate to assess the improved UVB light [24].…”

“…A low-pressure lamp with a LB-PDMS composite film was successfully employed in the photochemical synthesis of 9β,10α-3,20bis(ethylenedioxy)-5,7-pregnadiene (L-BEP) from 9α,10β-3,20-bis(ethylenedioxy)-5,7-pregnadiene (E-BEP) which was chosen as the model substrate to assess the improved UVB light [24]. Likewise, the photochemical synthetic system of L-BEP was again chosen to evaluate mixing performance and photochemical reaction efficiency after introduction of nitrogen microbubbles to enhance photon absorption in mini-/microchannels [25]. Another interesting industrial example involving photochemical microfluidic synthesis of vitamin D3 was developed using photoluminiscent substrates based on LaB 3 O 6 :Bi, Gd whose UVB emission intensity was increased by approximately 11 times when compared with the ultraviolet B (UVB) emission light of a low-power light source (e.g.…”

Scale-Up of Synthesizing 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butyl Ketone (Pinacolone) from 2-Methyl-2-butene (β-Isoamylene) and Its Kinetic Study

“…It is worth noting that, in recent years, continuous-flow and microfluidic reactors have received a lot of attention from the industry and academia for advantages such as high mass and heat transfer efficiency, − specific surface area in the reactors, and negligible scale-up effect . At the same time, the realization of numbering-up , and dimension-enlarging strategies , of microreactors has laid the foundation for their industrial applications. For heterogeneous liquid–liquid reactions, the segmented flow in microchannel reactors has a narrower slug distribution and superior mass transfer performance compared to batch reactors. , Because of the above features, the microfluidic strategy could also be an alternative to reacting and scaling up the synthesis of pinacolone.…”

High-throughput synthesis of nanoparticles using oscillating feedback microreactors: a selective scaling-out strategy

“…Thus, the numbering-up strategy has been used for microreactors to increase throughput. 12,13 This strategy requires a complex tree-like or ladder-like network to distribute feeds into multiple identical microreactors. The parallel design can increase the throughput linearly to a certain level.…”