Scale up to infinity: the UWB Indoor Global Positioning System

Abstract

Determining assets position with high accuracy and scalability is one of the most investigated technology on the market. The accuracy provided by satellites-based positioning systems (i.e., GLONASS or Galileo) is not always sufficient when a decimeter-level accuracy is required or when there is the need of localising entities that operate inside indoor environments. Scalability is also a recurrent problem when dealing with indoor positioning systems. This paper presents an innovative UWB Indoor GPS-Like local positioning system able to tracks any number of assets without decreasing measurements update rate. To increase the system's accuracy the mathematical model and the sources of uncertainties are investigated. Results highlight how the proposed implementation provides positioning information with an absolute maximum error below 20 cm. Scalability is also resolved thanks to DTDoA transmission mechanisms not requiring an active role from the asset to be tracked.

FlexTDOA: Robust and Scalable Time-Difference of Arrival Localization Using Ultra-Wideband Devices

“…In this part, we evaluate to what extent the channel diversity improves the localization accuracy in LOS conditions. We evaluate the localization errors for (N, K) ∈ {(5, 4), (7,6), (10, 9)} 4 at three positions of the rail on which the tag moves, denoted by P1, P2, and P3 in Fig. 6.…”

“…By computing the TDOA for more anchor pairs, the tag's location can be found at the intersection of multiple hyperbolas [6]. One TDOA variant frequently called downlink (DL) TDOA [7] has gained popularity for its scalability properties. In this setup, only the anchors transmit periodic messages, while the tag records their arrival times and localizes itself.…”

“…Moreover, the flexible scheduling scheme facilitates the deployment of the localization system in larger spaces where the anchors might be split over multiple rooms and only a subset of anchors should respond to an initiating message. The proposed scheme also preserves the location privacy of the user, since the user device remains passive in the localization process [7]. Therefore, no information of the user presence or their location is leaked to the infrastructure.…”

Bidirectional UWB Localization: A Review on an Elastic Positioning Scheme for GNSS-Deprived Zones

“…Overall, the most notable strength of GUULS is that the number of tags in the system can be scaled up to the infinity [15]- [17], [21] (i.e., there is no limit for the number of tags in it). Moreover, the multiplexing scheme is generally not required in the system integration process of GUULS (Table I).…”

Human identification and tracking using ultra-wideband-vision data fusion in unstructured environments

“…For example, the disadvantage of traditional vision systems is the limited field of view (FoV) compared to UWB systems and lighting influence, especially outdoor. In contrast, UWB can be applied both indoor and outdoor but suffers from higher uncertainties especially for measurements of less than one meter and in the presence of obstruction by people between the transceivers [9], [10]. However, UWB systems measurements can be made up to 80 m, in contrast to TOF cameras where after 10 m there is mostly noise while are more precise than the UWB below.…”