Scaled-particle theory and salting constant of tetrahydrofuran in various aqueous electrolyte solutions at 298.15 K

Abstract

The vapour pressure change upon addition of electrolytes to dilute aqueous tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions has been determined at 298.15 K. From these data the salting constants k,

Single-ion Setschenow coefficients for several hydrophobic non-electrolytes in aqueous electrolyte solutions

“…Our results are compatible with k, values obtained by earlier workers for aromatic non-electrolytes in alkali and tetraalkylammonium halide solutions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)12). The data in this table provide a reasonably self-consistent assembly according to the "additivity rule", and it is thus not unreasonable to attempt to dissect the k, values for the electrolytes into single ion values.…”

“…These qualitative trends are in accord with trends earlier observed in relation to k, values for whole salts (1 2, 15). Table 2 also includes Fromon and Treiner's results for tetrahydrofuran (4), where k, values are of a similar order of magnitude to those for cyclohexane for the halides. However, for cations, k, values for tetrahydrofuran-are smaller than those for all the compounds we have studied.…”

“…Setschenow coefficients are available for the effects of a number of electrolytes on solubilities of a range of non-electrolytes, but there have been relatively few attempts to determine single ion Setschenow coefficients. However, Fromon and Treiner have detailed two procedures for establishing single ion Setschenow coefficients from k, values for electrolytes in their extensive study, by vapour pressure measurements, of solubilities of tetrahydrofuran in aqueous salt solutions (4).…”

Origin of peak asymmetry and isotherm nonlinearity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography: Variation of peak shape with buffer concentration

“…The Setchenov constants of small solutes in aqueous solutions containing "hard" electrolytes having small ionic radii are positive [20,21,[25][26][27][29][30][31]. For example, the k S values of nbz in aqueous solutions of NaCl [9] and NaBr [9,29] are 0.15 and 0.07, respectively.…”

“…2 ) [27], tetraalkylammonium cations in water [29,31] but not in methanol [32], and transition metal complexes of organic ligands [29], k S often is negative. The k S of ethyl ether in monomeric SDS is also negative [17].…”