Scaling and factor analyzing peak experience

Hallaq, John H.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197701)33:1+<77::aid-jclp2270330115>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Those who have managed to analyze the content and quality of the reported experiences have failed to relate their findings to personality variables of any kind (Allen, Haupt & Jones, 1964;Hallaq, 1977;Thorne, 1963).…”

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confidence: 99%

Experiences of intimacy and power: Relationships between social motives and autobiographical memory.

McAdams¹

1982

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

148

105

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Open-ended recollections of autobiographical memories were collected in two samples. The memory protocols were coded for themes of interpersonal intimacy (love and friendship, reciprocal communication or sharing, helping others and being helped, and tender interpersonal touching) and personal power (perceived strength, powerful inspiration, having impact, vigorous activity, and increased fame or recognition). Subjects' intimacy and power motive scores were also obtained by a prior administration of the Thematic Apperception Test. Subjects scoring higher in intimacy motivation recalled specific peak experiences, great learning experiences, and (to a lesser extent) satisfying experiences that contained a preponderance of intimacy themes, whereas subjects scoring lower on the motive did not. A similar relationship between power motivation and power themes in peak experiences and satisfying experiences was obtained. In addition, a positive correlation between the power motive and expressed feelings of anger in reports of unpleasant experiences was found. No relationship, however, was found between motive scores and themes of intimacy or power in reports of experiences seen by the subjects as less personally meaningful, such as neutral experiences and, for intimacy motivation, unpleasant, experiences. Remembering Meaningful ExperiencesThe notion that personality variables such as motives, attitudes, and interests selectively influence human memory is common psychological lore (Mandl,er, 1975;Rapaport, 1942). One of Freud's (1901Freud's ( /1960 crucial clinical insights was that certain forms of forgetting do not reveal cognitive deficit at all, but are motivationally induced. Coming from the perspective of experimental psychology, Bartlett (1932) believed that an important factor guiding a person's reconstruction of past experiences was his or her attitudes toward them, including relevant motives, emotions, and interest pat-The research was funded by National Science Foundation Grant #BNS7817933 to David C. McClelland. The author would like to thank David for his support and valuable comments. Additional thanks go to Rebecca Pallmeyer, Laura Booth, Roberta Drews,, and Mike Losoff for thejr assistance in data coding.Requests for reprints should be sent to

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confidence: 99%

Experiences of intimacy and power: Relationships between social motives and autobiographical memory.

McAdams¹

1982

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

148

105

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“…The validity of the 'peak-experience' as an experiential phenomenon and important life experience has been established by numerous researchers (Thorne, 1963;Warmoth, 1963;Allen et al, 1964, Margoshes andLitt, 1966;McCain and Andrews, 1969;Blanchard, 1969;Ebersole, 1970Ebersole, , 1972Breed and Fagan, 1972;Hallaq, 1977;Wuthnow, 1978;Panzarella, 1980; 269 Peak experience and skydiving Privette, 1982Privette, , 1983Yeagle et al, 1989;Bundrick, 1989, 1991;Davis et al, 1991;Cleary and Shapiro, 1995). Key points from this literature are:…”

Section: Peak-experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of the peak experience to continued skydiving participation: a qualitative approach to assessing motivations

Lipscombe¹

1999

Leisure Studies

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A qualitative paradigm was used to determine the relevance of the peak experience as a factor of continued involvement in skydiving participation. Data sets from the literature, an interview process, and personal documents were collected, coded, analysed and interpreted for the purpose of understanding the nature of the skydiving experience. The research, which indicated the frequency and signi cance of a 'peak experience' to skydivers, provided an insight into the nature of the skydiving experience and the signi cance and importance of the experiential component for continued participation. The three sources of data relating to the skydiving experience provided a similarity across all respondents to such a degree that it was possible to conclude that a 'peak experience' was a common experience among veteran skydivers. So rewarding was the peak that it represented the most important factor explaining why veteran skydivers continued to jump.

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Personality correlates of the joy of life

Tolor

1978

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Hypothesized that greater diversity of joy and more intense levels of joy would be associated with low hopelessness, high sensation seeking the perception of the world as just, and high sensitization as compared with high repression. It also was predicted that female Ss would score higher in sources of joy and in intensity as compared to males. One hundred and thirty-four college students were administered the Joy of Life Scale, Hopelessness Scale, Sensation Seeking Scale, Just World Scale, and Revised Repression-Sensitization Scale. The hypothesis was supported for sensation seeking in that High Sensation Seekers assigned significantly (p less than .05) higher mean intensity ratings to experiences that produced joy of life, than did Low Sensation Seekers. Contrary to expectation, there was a nonsignificant trend for sensitizers, when compared with repressors, to select fewer joy-related experiences and to evaluate these experiences as less joyful. The experiences that most often led to high levels of joy were those referrable to positive emotional events.

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Scaling and factor analyzing peak experience

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Experiences of intimacy and power: Relationships between social motives and autobiographical memory.

Experiences of intimacy and power: Relationships between social motives and autobiographical memory.

The relevance of the peak experience to continued skydiving participation: a qualitative approach to assessing motivations

Personality correlates of the joy of life

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